Of all the essays Chinese students read in school, this might be the one they remember longest. 《背影》, or My Father’s Back, is barely 1,500 characters, and almost nothing happens in it. A young man is leaving his hometown after his grandmother’s funeral. His father insists on seeing him off at the train station. That’s the essay. But the author describes the scene in a simple, beautiful way that encapsulates a father’s love for his son.
我与父亲不相见已二年余了,我最不能忘记的是他的背影。
那年冬天,祖母死了,父亲的差使也交卸了,正是祸不单行的日子。我从北京到徐州,打算跟着父亲奔丧回家。到徐州见着父亲,看见满院狼藉的东西,又想起祖母,不禁簌簌地流下眼泪。父亲说:“事已如此,不必难过,好在天无绝人之路!”
回家变卖典质,父亲还了亏空;又借钱办了丧事。这些日子,家中光景很是惨澹,一半为了丧事,一半为了父亲赋闲。丧事完毕,父亲要到南京谋事,我也要回北京念书,我们便同行。
到南京时,有朋友约去游逛,勾留了一日;第二日上午便须渡江到浦口,下午上车北去。父亲因为事忙,本已说定不送我,叫旅馆里一个熟识的茶房陪我同去。他再三嘱咐茶房,甚是仔细。但他终于不放心,怕茶房不妥帖;颇踌躇了一会。其实我那年已二十岁,北京已来往过两三次,是没有什么要紧的了。他踌躇了一会,终于决定还是自己送我去。我再三劝他不必去;他只说:“不要紧,他们去不好!”
我们过了江,进了车站。我买票,他忙着照看行李。行李太多了,得向脚夫行些小费才可过去。他便又忙着和他们讲价钱。我那时真是聪明过分,总觉他说话不大漂亮,非自己插嘴不可,但他终于讲定了价钱;就送我上车。他给我拣定了靠车门的一张椅子;我将他给我做的紫毛大衣铺好座位。他嘱我路上小心,夜里要警醒些,不要受凉。又嘱托茶房好好照应我。我心里暗笑他的迂;他们只认得钱,托他们只是白托!而且我这样大年纪的人,难道还不能料理自己么?我现在想想,我那时真是太聪明了。
我说道:“爸爸,你走吧。”他往车外看了看,说:“我买几个橘子去。你就在此地,不要走动。”我看那边月台的栅栏外有几个卖东西的等着顾客。走到那边月台,须穿过铁道,须跳下去又爬上去。父亲是一个胖子,走过去自然要费事些。我本来要去的,他不肯,只好让他去。我看见他戴着黑布小帽,穿着黑布大马褂,深青布棉袍,蹒跚地走到铁道边,慢慢探身下去,尚不大难。可是他穿过铁道,要爬上那边月台,就不容易了。他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾,显出努力的样子。这时我看见他的背影,我的泪很快地流下来了。我赶紧拭干了泪。怕他看见,也怕别人看见。我再向外看时,他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走了。过铁道时,他先将橘子散放在地上,自己慢慢爬下,再抱起橘子走。到这边时,我赶紧去搀他。他和我走到车上,将橘子一股脑儿放在我的皮大衣上。于是扑扑衣上的泥土,心里很轻松似的。过一会儿说:“我走了,到那边来信!”我望着他走出去。他走了几步,回过头看见我,说:“进去吧,里边没人。”等他的背影混入来来往往的人里,再找不着了,我便进来坐下,我的眼泪又来了。
近几年来,父亲和我都是东奔西走,家中光景是一日不如一日。他少年出外谋生,独力支持,做了许多大事。哪知老境却如此颓唐!他触目伤怀,自然情不能自已。情郁于中,自然要发之于外;家庭琐屑便往往触他之怒。他待我渐渐不同往日。但最近两年不见,他终于忘却我的不好,只是惦记着我,惦记着我的儿子。我北来后,他写了一信给我,信中说道:“我身体平安,惟膀子疼痛厉害,举箸提笔,诸多不便,大约大去之期不远矣。”我读到此处,在晶莹的泪光中,又看见那肥胖的、青布棉袍黑布马褂的背影。唉!我不知何时再能与他相见!
Hover a word for its pinyin & meaning; click to pin it.
| Word | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 背影 | bèiyǐng | back view, rear silhouette |
| 祸不单行 | huò bù dān xíng | misfortunes never come alone |
| 狼藉 | lángjí | in disorder, in a mess |
| 踌躇 | chóuchú | to hesitate, to be indecisive |
| 蹒跚 | pánshān | to stagger, to shuffle along |
| 迂 | yū | old-fashioned, pedantic |
| 颓唐 | tuítáng | dejected, dispirited, declining |
| 情不能自已 | qíng bù néng zì yǐ | unable to control one’s emotions |
| 惦记 | diànjì | to think of, to be concerned about |
| 晶莹 | jīngyíng | sparkling, glistening |
| 我 | wǒ | I; me; my |
| 与 | yú | variant of 歟|欤[yu2] |
| 父亲 | fù qīn | father; also pr. [fu4 qin5]; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 不 | bù | no; not so; (bound form) not; un- |
| 相见 | xiāng jiàn | to see each other; to meet in person |
| 已 | yǐ | already; to stop; then; afterwards |
| 二 | èr | two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid |
| 年 | Nián | surname Nian; grain; harvest (old); variant of 年[nian2] |
| 余 | Yú | surname Yu; extra; surplus; remaining; remainder after division; (following numerical value) or more; in excess of (some number); residue (math.); after; I; me |
| 了 | le | (completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (bound form) clear in one's mind; to understand clearly |
| 最 | zuì | variant of 最[zui4]; old variant of 最[zui4]; (before an adjective or verb) to the highest degree; (the) most ...; -est; (after 之[zhi1]) best or most extreme example (e.g. 世界之最[shi4 jie4 zhi1 zui4] "the greatest in the world") |
| 能 | Néng | surname Neng |
| 忘记 | wàng jì | to forget |
| 的 | de | of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis); (used after a noun, verb or adjective to… |
| 是 | shì | to be (followed by substantives only); correct; right; true; (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well; (adverb for emphatic assertion); variant of 是[shi4] |
| 他 | tā | (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his; (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日[ta1 ri4] and 他人[ta1 ren2]) |
| 那 | Nā | surname Na |
| 冬天 | dōng tiān | winter |
| 祖母 | zǔ mǔ | father's mother; paternal grandmother |
| 死 | sǐ | to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid; extremely; damned |
| 差 | chā | difference; discrepancy; (math.) difference (amount remaining after a subtraction); (literary) a little; somewhat; slightly |
| 使 | shǐ | to make; to cause; to enable; to use; to employ; to send; to instruct sb to do sth; envoy; messenger |
| 也 | Yě | surname Ye |
| 交 | jiāo | to hand over; to deliver; to pay (money); to turn over; to make friends; (of lines) to intersect; variant of 跤[jiao1] |
| 卸 | xiě | to unload; to remove; to detach; to get rid of |
| 正是 | zhèng shì | is precisely |
| 日子 | rì zi | day; a (calendar) date; days of one's life |
| 从 | cóng | variant of 從|从[cong2]; surname Cong |
| 北京 | Běi jīng | Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (short name 京[Jing1]) |
| 到 | dào | to reach; to arrive; to leave for; to go to; to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point); (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point); considerate; thoug… |
| 徐 | xū | slow; gentle; surname Xu |
| 州 | zhōu | prefecture; (old) province; (old) administrative division; state (e.g. of US); oblast (Russia); canton (Switzerland) |
| 打 | dá | (loanword) dozen; Taiwan pr. [da3] |
| 算 | suàn | to calculate; to figure out; to include; to count in; to count; to be valid; to carry weight; to regard as; to consider (to be ...) |
| 跟着 | gēn zhe | to follow after; immediately afterwards |
| 奔 | bēn | to hurry; to rush; to run quickly; to elope; variant of 奔[ben1]; variant of 奔[ben4] |
| 丧 | sǎng | mourning; (old) corpse |
| 回家 | huí jiā | to return home |
| 见 | jiàn | to see; to meet; to appear (to be sth); to interview; opinion; view |
| 着 | zhāo | variant of 著|着[zhao1]; a move in chess (Taiwan pr. [zhuo2]); trick; tactic; (dialect) okay; all right; (dialect) to put in; to add |
| 看见 | kàn jiàn | to see; to catch sight of |
| 满 | Mǎn | Manchu ethnic group |
| 院 | yuàn | courtyard; institution; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 东 | Dōng | surname Dong |
| 西 | Xī | the West; abbr. for Spain 西班牙[Xi1 ban1 ya2]; Spanish |
| 又 | yòu | (once) again; also; both... and...; and yet; (used for emphasis) anyway |
| 想起 | xiǎng qǐ | to recall; to think of; to call to mind |
| 不禁 | bù jīn | can't help (doing sth); can't refrain from |
| 簌 | ||
| 地 | de | -ly; structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct |
| 流 | líu | to flow; to disseminate; to circulate or spread; to move or drift; to degenerate; to banish or send into exile; stream of water or sth resembling one; class, rate or grade |
| 下 | xià | down; downwards; below; lower; later; next (week etc); second (of two parts); to decline; to go down; to arrive at (a decision, conclusion etc); measure word to show the frequency … |
| 眼 | yǎn | eye (CL:隻|只[zhi1],雙|双[shuang1]); (often used with 一[yi1]) a look; a glance; small hole; (bound form) salient point; classifier for wells, cave-dwellings etc |
| 泪 | lěi | (bound form) tears; teardrops |
| 说 | shuì | to persuade; variant of 說|说[shuo1] |
| 事 | shì | matter; thing; item; work; affair; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1],回[hui2] |
| 如此 | rú cǐ | like this; so; such |
| 不必 | bù bì | need not; does not have to; not necessarily |
| 难过 | nán guò | to feel sad; to feel unwell; (of life) to be difficult |
| 好 | hǎo | good; appropriate; proper; all right!; (before a verb) easy to; (before a verb) good to; (before an adjective for exclamatory effect) so; (verb complement indicating completion); (… |
| 在 | zài | to exist; to be alive; (of sb or sth) to be (located) at; (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) |
| 天 | tiān | day; sky; heaven |
| 无 | mó | used in 南無|南无[na1 mo2] |
| 绝 | jué | to cut short; extinct; to disappear; to vanish; absolutely; by no means; variant of 絕|绝[jue2] |
| 人 | rén | person; people; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2] |
| 之 | zhī | (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5]); him; her; it |
| 路 | Lù | surname Lu |
| 变卖 | biàn mài | to sell off (one's property) |
| 典 | diǎn | canon; law; standard work of scholarship; literary quotation or allusion; ceremony; to be in charge of; to mortgage or pawn |
| 质 | zhǐ | character; quality; to pawn; hostage; Taiwan pr. [zhi2] |
| 还 | Huán | surname Huan |
| 亏 | kui | to lose (money); to have a deficit; to treat unfairly; (used to introduce an ironic remark about sb who has fallen short of expectations) |
| 空 | kōng | empty; air; sky; in vain |
| 借 | jiè | to borrow; (used in combination with 給|给[gei3] or 出[chu1] etc) to lend; to make use of; to avail oneself of; (sometimes followed by 著|着[zhe5]) by; with; variant of 借[jie4] |
| 钱 | Qián | surname Qian |
| 办 | bàn | to take care of (a matter); to deal with (a task, procedure etc); to organize (an event); to establish; to set up; to manage; to run (an enterprise); (law) to handle; to investigat… |
| 这些 | zhè xiē | these |
| 家 | jiā | used in 傢伙|家伙[jia1 huo5] and 傢俱|家俱[jia1 ju4]; home; family; (polite) my (sister, uncle etc); classifier for families or businesses; refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China; noun suffix for a specialist in some act… |
| 中 | Zhōng | (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong |
| 光 | guāng | light; ray (CL:道[dao4]); bright; shiny; only; merely; used up; finished; to leave (a part of the body) uncovered |
| 景 | Jǐng | surname Jing |
| 很是 | hěn shì | (formal) very; quite; deeply (usu. followed by a two-syllable adjective or verb) |
| 惨 | cán | miserable; cruel; disastrous; dim |
| 澹 | ||
| 一半 | yī bàn | half |
| 为了 | wèi le | for; for the purpose of; in order to |
| 赋 | fǔ | poetic essay; to bestow on |
| 闲 | xián | enclosure; (variant of 閒|闲[xian2]) idle; unoccupied; leisure; idle; unoccupied; leisure |
| 完毕 | wán bì | to finish; to end; to complete |
| 要 | yāo | (bound form) to demand; to coerce |
| 南京 | Nán jīng | see 南京市[Nan2 jing1 Shi4]; Nanjing, capital of the Ming dynasty (1368–1421) and of the Republic of China (1927–1937 and 1946–1949) |
| 谋 | mōu | to plan; scheme |
| 回 | Huí | Hui ethnic group (Chinese Muslims); to curve; to return; to revolve; variant of 迴|回[hui2] |
| 念书 | niàn shū | to read; to study; to attend school |
| 们 | men | plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals |
| 便 | biàn | plain; informal; suitable; convenient; opportune; to urinate or defecate; equivalent to 就[jiu4]: then; in that case; even if; soon afterwards |
| 同行 | tóng háng | person of the same profession; of the same trade, occupation or industry |
| 时 | shí | old variant of 時|时[shi2]; surname Shi |
| 有 | yǒu | to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional) |
| 朋友 | péng you | friend; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 约 | yāo | to weigh in a balance or on a scale |
| 去 | qù | to go; to go to (a place); (of a time etc) last; just passed; to send; to remove; to get rid of; to reduce; to be apart from in space or time; to die (euphemism); to play (a part);… |
| 游 | Yóu | surname You; to walk; to tour; to roam; to travel |
| 逛 | guǎng | to stroll |
| 勾 | gou | to hook; to cancel; to delineate; to arouse; surname Gou |
| 留 | líu | old variant of 留[liu2]; to leave (a message etc); to retain; to stay; to remain; to keep; to preserve |
| 一 | yī | one; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1); also pr. [yao1] for greater clarity when spelling out … |
| 日 | rì | (bound form) sun; day; day of the month; (bound form) Japan (abbr. for 日本[Ri4 ben3]); (vulgar) to fuck; to have sex with |
| 第 | dì | (prefix indicating ordinal number, as in 第六[di4 liu4] "sixth"); (literary) grades in which successful candidates in the imperial examinations were placed; (old) residence of a high… |
| 上 | shǎng | used in 上聲|上声[shang3 sheng1] |
| 午 | wǔ | 7th earthly branch: 11 a.m.-1 p.m., noon, 5th solar month (6th June-6th July), year of the Horse; ancient Chinese compass point: 180° (south) |
| 须 | xū | must; to have to; to wait; beard; mustache; feeler (of an insect etc); tassel |
| 渡 | dǔ | to cross; to ferry |
| 江 | Jiāng | surname Jiang; (bound form) Yangtze River; (bound form) Jiangsu Province (abbr. for 江蘇|江苏[Jiang1 su1]) |
| 浦 | ||
| 口 | kǒu | mouth; classifier for things with mouths (people, domestic animals, cannons, wells etc); classifier for bites or mouthfuls |
| 上车 | shàng chē | to get on or into (a bus, train, car etc) |
| 北 | běi | north; (classical) to be defeated |
| 因为 | yīn wèi | because; owing to; on account of |
| 忙 | máng | busy; hurriedly; to hurry; to rush |
| 本 | běn | (bound form) root; stem; (bound form) origin; source; (bound form) one's own; this; (bound form) this; the current (year etc); (bound form) original; (bound form) inherent; origina… |
| 说定 | shuō dìng | to agree on; to settle on |
| 不送 | bù sòng | don't bother to see me out |
| 叫 | jiào | to shout; to call; to order; to ask; to be called; by (indicates agent in the passive mood); variant of 叫[jiao4] |
| 旅馆 | lu:3 guǎn | hotel; CL:家[jia1] |
| 里 | lǐ | variant of 裡|里[li3]; lining; interior; inside; internal; also written 裏|里[li3]; surname Li |
| 一个 | yī ge | a; an; one; the whole (afternoon, summer vacation etc) |
| 熟 | shú | ripe; mature; thoroughly cooked; done; familiar; acquainted; experienced; skilled; (of sleep etc) deep; profound; also pr. [shou2] |
| 识 | shí | to know; knowledge; Taiwan pr. [shi4] |
| 茶房 | chá fáng | waiter; steward; porter; teahouse |
| 陪 | pēi | to accompany; to assist |
| 同 | tóng | like; same; similar; together; alike; with; used in 衚衕|胡同[hu2 tong4] |
| 再 | zài | again; once more; re-; further; beyond this point of time; (before an adjective) more; then (after sth, and not until then); no matter how ... (followed by an adjective or verb, an… |
| 三 | Sān | surname San |
| 嘱 | zhú | to enjoin; to urge |
| 咐 | fǔ | used in 吩咐[fen1 fu5] and 囑咐|嘱咐[zhu3 fu5] |
| 甚是 | shèn shì | (literary) very; extremely |
| 仔 | zái | careful (in 仔细); young (of animals, in 仔猪); a child (dialect, zai3) |
| 细 | xì | thin or slender; finely particulate; thin and soft; fine; delicate; trifling; (of a sound) quiet; frugal |
| 但 | dàn | but; yet; however; still; merely; only; just |
| 终 | zhong | end |
| 于 | Yú | surname Yu; (of time or place) in; at; on; (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for; (indicating a source) from; out of; (used in comparison) than; (used i… |
| 放心 | fàng xīn | to feel relieved; to feel reassured; to be at ease |
| 怕 | Pà | surname Pa |
| 妥 | tuó | suitable; ready |
| 帖 | ||
| 颇 | pó | quite; rather; somewhat; partial; slanting |
| 一会 | yī huì | a moment; a while; in a moment; also pr. [yi1 hui3] |
| 其实 | qí shí | actually; in fact; really |
| 二十 | èr shí | twenty; 20 |
| 岁 | suì | variant of 歲|岁[sui4], year; years old; classifier for years (of age); year; year (of crop harvests) |
| 来 | lái | to come; (used as a substitute for a more specific verb); hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回來|回来[hui2 lai5]); ever since (as in 自古以來|自古以来[zi4 gu3… |
| 往 | wǎng | to go (in a direction); to; towards; (of a train) bound for; past; previous; old variant of 往[wang3] |
| 过 | Guō | surname Guo |
| 两 | liǎng | two; both; some; a few; tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤[jin1] (old) |
| 三次 | sān cì | third; three times; (math.) degree three, cubic (equation) |
| 没有 | méi yǒu | haven't; hasn't; doesn't exist; to not have; to not be |
| 什 | shén | what |
| 么 | má | exclamatory final particle; variant of 麼|么[me5] |
| 紧 | jǐn | tight; strict; close at hand; near; urgent; tense; hard up; short of money; to tighten |
| 决定 | jué dìng | to decide; to determine; to make up one's mind; decision (CL:個|个[ge4],項|项[xiang4]) |
| 还是 | hái shi | still (as before); had better; unexpectedly; or |
| 自己 | zì jǐ | oneself; (attributive) one's own |
| 送 | sòng | to send; to deliver; to transmit; to give (as a present); to see (sb) off; to accompany; to go along with |
| 我去 | wǒ qù | (slang) what the ...!; oh my god!; that's insane! |
| 劝 | quàn | to advise; to urge; to try to persuade; to exhort; to console; to soothe |
| 只 | zhī | variant of 隻|只[zhi1]; variant of 只[zhi3]; grain that has begun to ripen; classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils, vessels etc |
| 不要 | bù yào | don't!; must not |
| 不好 | bù hǎo | no good |
| 进 | jìn | to go forward; to advance; to go in; to enter; to put in; to submit; to take in; to admit; (math.) base of a number system; classifier for sections in a building or residential com… |
| 车站 | chē zhàn | rail station; bus stop; CL:處|处[chu4],個|个[ge4] |
| 买票 | mǎi piào | to buy tickets; (Tw) to buy votes (in an election) |
| 忙着 | máng zhe | to be occupied with (doing sth) |
| 照看 | zhào kàn | to look after; to attend to; to have in care |
| 行 | háng | (bound form) row; line; (bound form) line of business; trade; profession; (bound form) commercial firm; (bound form) to rank (first, second etc) among one's siblings (by age); (in … |
| 李 | lí | plum; surname Li |
| 太 | tài | highest; greatest; too (much); very; extremely |
| 多 | duō | many; much; more; a lot of; too many; in excess; (after a numeral) ... odd; how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. [duo2]); (bound form) multi-; poly- |
| 得 | dé | to obtain; to get; to gain; to catch (a disease); proper; suitable; proud; contented; to allow; to permit; ready; finished |
| 向 | Xiàng | surname Xiang; to tend toward; to guide; variant of 向[xiang4]; variant of 向[xiang4]; direction; orientation; to face; to turn toward; to; towards; shortly before; formerly |
| 脚 | jiǎo | foot; leg (of an animal or an object); base (of an object); CL:雙|双[shuang1],隻|只[zhi1]; classifier for kicks |
| 夫 | fū | husband; man; manual worker; conscripted laborer (old) |
| 些 | xiē | classifier indicating a small amount or small number greater than 1: some, a few, several |
| 小费 | xiǎo fèi | tip; gratuity |
| 才 | cái | ability; talent; sb of a certain type; a capable individual; then and only then; just now; (before an expression of quantity) only; (emphatic, esp. in contrast or correction) reall…; (variant of 才[cai2]) just now; (variant of 才[cai2]) (before an expression of quantity) only |
| 可 | kě | (prefix) can; may; able to; -able; to approve; to permit; to suit; (particle used for emphasis) certainly; very; but; however |
| 过去 | guò qù | (in the) past; former; previous; to go over; to pass by |
| 和 | hé | old variant of 和[he2]; surname He; (literary) harmonious (variant of 和[he2]) |
| 讲 | jiǎng | to speak; to explain; to negotiate; to emphasize; to be particular about; as far as sth is concerned; speech; lecture |
| 价 | jiǎ | (literary) messenger; servant |
| 那时 | nà shí | then; at that time; in those days |
| 真是 | zhēn shi | indeed; truly; (coll.) (used to express disapproval, annoyance etc) |
| 聪明 | cōng ming | intelligent; clever; bright; acute (of sight and hearing) |
| 过分 | guò fèn | excessive; undue; unduly; overly |
| 总 | zǒng | (bound form) general; overall; to sum up; in every case; always; invariably; anyway; after all; eventually; sooner or later; surely; (after a person's name) abbr. for 總經理|总经理[zong3… |
| 觉 | jiào | a nap; a sleep; CL:場|场[chang2] |
| 说话 | shuō huà | to speak; to say; to talk; to gossip; to tell stories; talk; word |
| 不大 | bù dà | not very (clear, far away etc); not too; not often; infrequently |
| 漂 | piāo | to float; to drift |
| 亮 | liàng | bright; light; to shine; to flash; loud and clear; to show (one's passport etc); to make public (one's views etc) |
| 非 | Fēi | abbr. for 非洲[Fei1 zhou1], Africa |
| 插 | chā | to insert; stick in; pierce; to take part in; to interfere; to interpose; old variant of 插[cha1] |
| 嘴 | zuǐ | mouth; beak; nozzle; spout (of teapot etc); CL:張|张[zhang1],個|个[ge4] |
| 不可 | bù kě | cannot; should not; must not |
| 定 | dìng | to fix; to set; to make definite; to subscribe to (a newspaper etc); to book (tickets etc); to order (goods etc); to congeal; to coagulate; (literary) definitely |
| 就 | jìu | (after a suppositional clause) in that case; then; (after a clause of action) as soon as; immediately after; (same as 就是[jiu4 shi4]) merely; nothing else but; simply; just; precise… |
| 给 | gěi | to; for; for the benefit of; to give; to allow; to do sth (for sb); (grammatical equivalent of 被); (grammatical equivalent of 把); (sentence intensifier) |
| 拣 | jián | to choose; to sort out |
| 靠 | kào | to lean against or on; to stand by the side of; to come near to; to depend on; to trust; to fuck (vulgar); traditional military costume drama where the performers wear armor (old) |
| 车门 | chē mén | car door; door of bus, railway carriage etc |
| 张 | Zhāng | surname Zhang |
| 椅 | yǐ | chair |
| 子 | zǐ | son; child; seed; egg; small thing; 1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the rat; viscount, fourth of five orders o… |
| 将 | jiāng | will; shall; to use; to take; to checkmate; just a short while ago; (introduces object of main verb, used in the same way as 把[ba3]) |
| 做 | zuò | to make; to produce; to write; to compose; to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc); (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, frien… |
| 紫 | zǐ | purple; violet |
| 毛 | Máo | surname Mao |
| 大衣 | dà yī | overcoat; topcoat; cloak; CL:件[jian4] |
| 铺 | pǔ | to spread; to pave (pu1); a shop; a bed (pu4) |
| 座位 | zuò wèi | seat; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 路上 | lù shang | on the road; on the way; en route |
| 小心 | xiǎo xīn | to be careful; to take care |
| 夜里 | yè li | during the night; at night; nighttime |
| 警 | jíng | to alert; police |
| 醒 | xǐng | to wake up; to be awake; to become aware; to sober up; to come to |
| 受凉 | shòu liáng | to catch cold |
| 托 | tuo | to hold up in one's hand; to support with one's palm; (bound form) a shill; torr (unit of pressure) |
| 好好 | hǎo hǎo | in perfectly good condition; perfectly all right; well; thoroughly; carefully; properly |
| 照应 | zhào yìng | to correlate with; to correspond to |
| 心里 | xīn li | chest; heart; mind |
| 暗笑 | àn xiào | laugh in (up) one's sleeve; snigger; snicker |
| 认得 | rèn de | to recognize; to remember sth (or sb) on seeing it; to know |
| 只是 | zhǐ shì | merely; only; just; nothing but; simply; but; however |
| 白 | Bái | surname Bai; Bai ethnic group |
| 而 | ér | and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast) |
| 且 | qiě | and; moreover; yet; for the time being; to be about to; both (... and...) |
| 这 | zhè | (pronoun) this; these; (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun); (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing) |
| 样 | yàng | manner; pattern; way; appearance; shape; classifier: kind, type |
| 大 | dà | big; large; great; older (than another person); eldest (as in 大姐[da4 jie3]); greatly; freely; fully; (dialect) father; (dialect) uncle (father's brother) |
| 年纪 | nián jì | age; CL:把[ba3],個|个[ge4] |
| 难道 | nán dào | don't tell me ...; could it be that...? |
| 料理 | liào lǐ | to arrange; to handle; to cook; cuisine; art of cooking |
| 现 | xiàn | to appear; present; now; existing; current |
| 想 | xiǎng | to think (about); to think of; to devise; to think (that); to believe (that); to desire; to want (to); to miss (feel wistful about the absence of) |
| 说道 | shuō dào | to state; to say (the quoted words) |
| 爸爸 | bà ba | (coll.) father; dad; CL:位[wei4] |
| 你 | nǐ | you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您[nin2]); you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.) |
| 走 | zǒu | to walk; to go; to run; to move (of vehicle); to visit; to leave; to go away; to die (euph.); from; through; away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走[che4 zou3]); to change (shape, form… |
| 吧 | bā | bar (loanword) (serving drinks, or providing Internet access etc); to puff (on a pipe etc); (onom.) bang; abbr. for 貼吧|贴吧[tie1 ba1] |
| 车 | Chē | surname Che |
| 外 | wài | outside; in addition; foreign; external |
| 看 | kān | to look after; to take care of; to watch; to guard |
| 买 | mǎi | to buy; to purchase |
| 几个 | jǐ ge | a few; several; how many |
| 橘 | jú | mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata); tangerine |
| 此地 | cǐ dì | here; this place |
| 走动 | zǒu dòng | to walk around; to move about; to stretch one's legs; to go for a walk; to be mobile (e.g. after an illness); to visit one another; to socialize; to pay a visit (go to the toilet) |
| 那边 | nà bian | over there; yonder |
| 月台 | yuè tái | railway platform |
| 栅 | ||
| 栏 | lān | fence; hurdle |
| 卖 | mài | to sell; to betray; to spare no effort; to show off or flaunt |
| 等 | děng | to wait for; to await; by the time; when; till; and so on; etc.; et al.; (bound form) class; rank; grade; (bound form) equal to; same as; (used to end an enumeration); (literary) (… |
| 顾客 | gù kè | customer; client; CL:位[wei4] |
| 穿过 | chuān guò | to pass through |
| 铁道 | tiě dào | railway line; rail track |
| 跳 | tiào | to jump; to hop; to skip over; to bounce; to palpitate |
| 下去 | xià qù | to go down; to descend; to go on; to continue; (of a servant) to withdraw |
| 爬上 | pá shàng | to climb up |
| 胖 | pǎng | healthy |
| 走过 | zǒu guò | to walk past; to pass by |
| 自然 | zì rán | nature; natural; naturally |
| 费事 | fèi shì | troublesome; to take a lot of trouble to do sth |
| 肯 | kěn | old variant of 肯[ken3]; to agree; to consent; to be willing to |
| 只好 | zhǐ hǎo | to have no other option but to ...; to have to; to be forced to |
| 让 | ràng | to yield; to permit; to let sb do sth; to have sb do sth; to make sb (feel sad etc); by (indicates the agent in a passive clause, like 被[bei4]) |
| 戴 | Dài | surname Dai |
| 黑 | Hēi | short name for Heilongjiang 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] |
| 布 | bù | variant of 布[bu4]; to announce; to spread; cloth; to declare; to announce; to spread; to make known |
| 小 | xiǎo | small; tiny; few; young |
| 帽 | mào | old variant of 帽[mao4]; hat; cap |
| 穿着 | chuān zhuó | attire; clothes; dress |
| 大马 | Dà mǎ | Malaysia |
| 褂 | ||
| 深 | shēn | old variant of 深[shen1]; (lit. and fig.) deep |
| 青 | Qīng | short name for Qinghai 青海[Qing1 hai3] |
| 棉 | ||
| 袍 | pāo | gown (lined) |
| 边 | biān | side; edge; margin; border; boundary; CL:個|个[ge4]; simultaneously |
| 慢 | màn | slow |
| 探 | tǎn | to explore; to scout; to stretch forward |
| 身 | shēn | body; life; oneself; personally; one's morality and conduct; the main part of a structure or body; pregnant; classifier for sets of clothes: suit, twinset; Kangxi radical 158 |
| 尚 | Shàng | surname Shang |
| 难 | nán | difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good |
| 可是 | kě shì | but; however; (used for emphasis) indeed |
| 不容 | bù róng | must not; cannot; to not allow; cannot tolerate |
| 易 | Yì | surname Yi; I Ching; Book of Changes (abbr. for 易經|易经[Yi4 jing1]) |
| 用 | yòng | to use; to make use of; to employ; (coverb) with; using; to need; to have to (usu. used in the negative or in questions); usefulness; utility; (bound form) expense; outlay; (courte… |
| 两手 | liǎng shǒu | one's two hands; two prongs (of a strategy); both aspects, eventualities etc; skills; expertise |
| 攀 | pan | to climb (by pulling oneself up); to claim connections of higher status |
| 上面 | shàng miàn | on top of; above-mentioned; also pr. [shang4 mian5] |
| 向上 | xiàng shàng | upward; up; to advance; to try to improve oneself; to make progress |
| 缩 | suo | to withdraw; to contract; to reduce; also pr. [su4] |
| 肥 | fēi | fat; loose-fitting or large; to become rich by illegal means; manure |
| 身子 | shēn zi | body; pregnancy; health |
| 左 | Zuǒ | surname Zuo |
| 微 | Wēi | surname Wei; ancient Chinese state near present-day Chongqing; Taiwan pr. [Wei2] |
| 倾 | qing | to overturn; to lean; to incline |
| 显出 | xiǎn chū | to express; to exhibit |
| 努力 | nǔ lì | to make an effort; to try hard; to strive; hard-working; conscientious |
| 这时 | zhè shí | at this time; at this moment |
| 很 | hěn | very; quite; (also, often used before an adjective without intensifying its meaning, i.e. as a meaningless syntactic element) |
| 快 | kuài | rapid; quick; speed; rate; soon; almost; to make haste; clever; sharp (of knives or wits); forthright; plainspoken; gratified; pleased; pleasant |
| 赶 | gǎn | to overtake; to catch up with; to hurry; to rush; to try to catch (the bus etc); to drive (cattle etc) forward; to drive (sb) away; to avail oneself of (an opportunity); until; by … |
| 拭 | ||
| 干 | gān | old variant of 乾|干[gan1]; surname Gan; variant of 乾|干[gan1]; tree trunk; main part of sth; to manage; to work; to do; capable; cadre; to kill (slang); to fuck (vulgar); (coll.) pissed off; annoyed |
| 别人 | bié ren | other people; others; other person |
| 向外 | xiàng wài | outward |
| 抱 | bào | to hold; to carry (in one's arms); to hug; to embrace; to surround; to cherish; (coll.) (of clothes) to fit nicely |
| 朱红 | zhū hóng | vermilion |
| 先 | xiān | beforehand; first; earlier; at first; originally; for the time being; for now; (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself) |
| 散 | sàn | variant of 散[san4]; scattered; loose; to come loose; to fall apart; leisurely; powdered medicine |
| 放 | fàng | to put; to place; to release; to free; to let go; to let out; to set off (fireworks) |
| 地上 | dì shang | on the ground; on the floor |
| 爬 | pá | to crawl; to climb; to get up or sit up |
| 起 | qǐ | to rise; to raise; to get up; to set out; to start; to appear; to launch; to initiate (action); to draft; to establish; to get (from a depot or counter); verb suffix, to start; sta… |
| 这边 | zhè biān | this side; here |
| 搀 | ||
| 一股脑 | yī gǔ nǎo | all of it; lock, stock and barrel |
| 儿 | ér | child; son |
| 皮 | Pí | surname Pi |
| 于是 | yú shì | thereupon; as a result; consequently; thus; hence |
| 扑 | pu | to throw oneself at; to devote one's energies; to flutter; to pat |
| 衣 | yī | clothes; CL:件[jian4]; Kangxi radical 145 |
| 泥 | nī | mud; paste |
| 土 | Tǔ | surname Tu; Tu ethnic group |
| 轻松 | qīng sōng | light; gentle; relaxed; effortless; uncomplicated; to relax; to take things less seriously |
| 似 | shǐ | used in 似的[shi4 de5] |
| 一会儿 | yī huì r | a moment; a while; in a moment; now...now...; also pr. [yi1 hui3 r5] |
| 信 | xìn | letter; mail; CL:封[feng1]; to trust; to believe; to profess faith in; truthful; confidence; trust; at will; at random |
| 望 | wàng | full moon; to hope; to expect; to visit; to gaze (into the distance); to look towards; towards; 15th day of month (lunar calendar); old variant of 望[wang4] |
| 走出 | zǒu chū | to leave (a room etc); to go out through (a door etc) |
| 几 | jī | small table; (literary) almost |
| 步 | Bù | surname Bu |
| 头 | tóu | head; hair style; the top; end; beginning or end; a stub; remnant; chief; boss; side; aspect; first; leading; classifier for pigs or livestock; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 进去 | jìn qù | to go in |
| 里边 | lǐ bian | inside |
| 没 | méi | (negative prefix for verbs) have not; not |
| 混 | hǔn | muddy; turbid (; ); Taiwan pr. [hun4] |
| 入 | rù | to enter; to go into; to join; to become a member of; (bound form) to conform to (as in 入時|入时[ru4 shi2]); abbr. for 入聲|入声[ru4 sheng1]; (on product packaging, after {number n} + {cl… |
| 往往 | wǎng wǎng | usually; in many cases; more often than not |
| 找不着 | zhǎo bu zháo | to be unable to find |
| 坐下 | zuò xia | to sit down |
| 近几年 | jìn jǐ nián | in recent years |
| 都 | Dū | surname Du |
| 不如 | bù rú | not equal to; not as good as; inferior to; it would be better to |
| 少年 | shào nián | early youth; youngster; (literary) youth; young man |
| 出外 | chū wài | to go out; to leave for another place |
| 生 | shēng | to grow; to give birth; to produce; to be born; to arise; to occur; to light (a fire); to live; to be alive; life; raw; uncooked; unprocessed; unfamiliar; strange; (bound form) stu… |
| 独力 | dú lì | all by oneself; without exterior help |
| 支持 | zhī chí | to be in favor of; to support; to back; support; backing; to stand by; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 许多 | xǔ duō | many; a lot of; much |
| 大事 | dà shì | major event; major political event (war or change of regime); major social event (wedding or funeral); (do sth) in a big way; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1] |
| 哪 | nǎ | how; which |
| 知 | zhī | to know; to be aware |
| 老 | lǎo | prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or familiarity; old (of people); venerabl… |
| 境 | jǐng | border; condition; circumstances |
| 却 | què | old variant of 卻|却[que4]; but; yet; however; while; to go back; to decline; to retreat; nevertheless; even though |
| 触目 | chù mù | to meet the eye; eye-catching; conspicuous |
| 伤 | shāng | to injure; injury; wound |
| 怀 | huāi | bosom; heart; to cherish; to carry (in the mind or womb); surname Huai |
| 情 | qíng | (bound form) feelings; emotion; sentiment; passion; (bound form) situation; condition |
| 郁 | yǔ | fragrant; lush; gloomy; melancholy |
| 发 | fā | to send out; to show (one's feeling); to issue; to develop; to make a bundle of money; classifier for gunshots (rounds); hair; Taiwan pr. [fa3] |
| 家庭 | jiā tíng | family; household; CL:戶|户[hu4] |
| 琐 | ||
| 屑 | xiě | bits; crumbs; trifling; to condescend to |
| 触 | chù | to touch; to make contact with sth; to stir up sb's emotions |
| 怒 | Nù | Nu ethnic group |
| 待 | dǎi | to stay; to remain |
| 渐 | jiǎn | to imbue |
| 不同 | bù tóng | different; distinct; not the same; not alike |
| 往日 | wǎng rì | former days; the past |
| 最近 | zuì jìn | recently; soon; nearest |
| 不见 | bù jiàn | not to see; not to meet; to have disappeared; to be missing |
| 忘却 | wàng què | (literary) to put out of one's mind; to forget |
| 儿子 | ér zi | son |
| 后 | Hòu | surname Hou; back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later; post- |
| 写 | xiě | to write |
| 身体 | shēn tǐ | the body; one's health |
| 平安 | Píng ān | see 平安區|平安区[Ping2 an1 Qu1] |
| 惟 | ||
| 膀 | báng | upper arm |
| 疼痛 | téng tòng | pain; (of a body part) to be painful; to be sore; to hurt; (of a person) to be in pain |
| 厉 | lǐ | strict; severe; fierce; to sharpen; surname Li |
| 害 | hài | to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity |
| 举 | jǔ | variant of 舉|举[ju3]; to lift; to hold up; to cite; to enumerate; to act; to raise; to choose; to elect; act; move; deed |
| 箸 | ||
| 提笔 | tí bǐ | to take up one's pen; to start to write |
| 诸 | zhu | all; various; (in 诸位 'everyone'); surname Zhu |
| 大约 | dà yuē | approximately; probably |
| 期 | qī | variant of 期[qi1]; period; cycle; a period of time; phase; stage; classifier for issues of a periodical, courses of study; time; term; period; to hope; Taiwan pr. [qi2] |
| 远 | yuǎn | far; distant; remote; (intensifier in a comparison) by far; much (lower etc) |
| 矣 | ||
| 读 | dòu | comma; phrase marked by pause |
| 到此 | dào cǐ | hereto; hereunto |
| 处 | chǔ | to reside; to live; to dwell; to be in; to be situated at; to stay; to get along with; to be in a position of; to deal with; to discipline; to punish |
| 马 | Mǎ | surname Ma; abbr. for Malaysia 馬來西亞|马来西亚[Ma3 lai2 xi1 ya4] |
| 唉 | ai | interjection or grunt of agreement or recognition (e.g. yes, it's me!) |
| 不知 | bù zhī | not to know; unaware; unknowingly; fig. not to admit (defeat, hardships, tiredness etc) |
| 何时 | hé shí | when |
It has been more than two years since I last saw my father. What I can never forget is the sight of his back.
That winter, my grandmother passed away, and my father also lost his job – truly a time when misfortunes never come alone. I traveled from Beijing to Xuzhou, planning to accompany my father home for the funeral. When I arrived in Xuzhou and saw my father, seeing the courtyard in complete disarray, and thinking of my grandmother, I couldn’t help but shed tears. My father said: ‘What’s done is done, no need to be sad. Fortunately, there’s always a path through!’
Back home, we sold and pawned our belongings so father could pay off the debts; we also borrowed money to cover the funeral expenses. During those days, our family circumstances were quite bleak – half due to the funeral, half due to father being out of work. After the funeral was over, father had to go to Nanjing to seek employment, and I also needed to return to Beijing for my studies, so we traveled together.
When we arrived in Nanjing, some friends invited me out sightseeing, so I stayed an extra day. On the morning of the second day, I had to cross the river to Pukou, and in the afternoon, board the train heading north. Because father was busy with matters, he had initially decided not to see me off, and asked a waiter at the hotel whom he knew to accompany me. He repeatedly instructed the waiter, being very thorough. But in the end, he was still worried, afraid the waiter wouldn’t be reliable; he hesitated for quite a while. Actually, I was already twenty years old that year and had traveled to and from Beijing two or three times – there was really nothing to worry about. After hesitating for a while, he finally decided to see me off himself. I repeatedly urged him not to bother; he simply said: ‘It’s alright, it wouldn’t be proper for them to go!’
We crossed the river and entered the station. I bought the tickets while he busied himself looking after the luggage. There was too much luggage, and we had to tip the porters to get through. He then busied himself bargaining with them. At that time, I was really too clever for my own good, always feeling his way of speaking wasn’t quite refined, and I had to interject. But he eventually settled on a price and saw me onto the train. He chose a seat for me by the door; I spread out the purple fur coat he had made for me on the seat. He reminded me to be careful on the journey, to stay alert at night, and not to catch cold. He also asked the attendant to take good care of me. I secretly laughed at his old-fashioned ways; those people only care about money, asking them was asking in vain! Besides, at my age, couldn’t I take care of myself? Thinking about it now, I was really too clever back then.
I said: ‘Dad, you should go now.’ He looked outside the train and said: ‘I’ll go buy some oranges. Stay right here, don’t move around.’ I saw there were several vendors waiting for customers outside the fence of the platform over there. To get to that platform, one had to cross the railway tracks, jumping down and then climbing back up. Father was a heavy man, so it would naturally be more difficult for him. I wanted to go myself, but he wouldn’t let me, so I had to let him go. I watched him wearing his black cloth cap, dressed in a black cloth jacket and a dark blue padded gown, shuffling toward the edge of the tracks. He slowly lowered himself down, which wasn’t too difficult. But when he crossed the tracks and had to climb up onto the other platform, it wasn’t easy. He gripped the platform with both hands while drawing his feet up; his heavy body leaned slightly to the left, showing his effort. At that moment, seeing his back, my tears quickly flowed down. I hurriedly wiped them dry, afraid he would see, and afraid others would see too. When I looked out again, he was already walking back carrying the bright red oranges. Crossing the tracks, he first set the oranges on the ground, slowly climbed down himself, then picked up the oranges and walked over. When he reached this side, I quickly went to help him. He walked with me onto the train and placed all the oranges on my leather coat. Then he brushed the dust off his clothes, as if feeling relieved. After a while he said: ‘I’m going now. Write to me when you get there!’ I watched him walk out. After a few steps, he turned his head and saw me, saying: ‘Go inside, there’s no one watching your things.’ I waited until his back had merged into the crowd of people coming and going and I could no longer find him, then I went in and sat down. My tears came again.
In recent years, my father and I have both been wandering here and there, and our family’s circumstances have grown worse by the day. He left home as a young man to make his own way in the world, supporting himself by his own efforts, and accomplished a great many things. Who could have known that his later years would turn out so bleak! Everything he saw stirred up sorrow, and naturally he could not hold his feelings in. When emotions build up inside, they have to come out — and the small troubles of household life would often set off his temper. He began to treat me differently than he once had. But these last two years that we haven’t seen each other, he has, in the end, forgotten my faults, and only thinks of me, and thinks of my son. After I came north, he wrote me a letter, in which he said: “My health is well, only that my arm hurts badly — lifting my chopsticks or my brush is quite inconvenient. I suppose the day of my departure from this world is not far off.” When I read those words, through the glittering blur of my tears, I saw once again that heavyset figure in the dark blue cotton gown and the black cloth jacket — that back, walking away. Ah! I do not know when I will be able to see him again.