“丝绸之路”,是古代从中国经中亚通向欧洲的著名交通路线。
这个词的直接意义只是“买卖丝绸的道路”,实际上,丝绸仅仅是从中国流向中亚和欧洲的一种名贵产品。
那么在同一条路上,中亚、欧洲以及北非有哪些东西传到了中国和东亚地区呢?
其实,不仅有乐器、多种金属、香料等,大量植物也传到了中国,大大丰富了中国人的餐桌。
比如,菠菜、胡萝卜、茄子、香菜、大蒜、黄瓜、莴苣、胡椒、豌豆、葡萄、石榴、西瓜等都是原产于西域、欧洲或者非洲地区的植物物种。
在两千多年里,它们陆续通过“丝绸之路”传到了中国。
当然,从中国传出去的东西也有很多,比如水稻、茶叶、丝绸、瓷器,还有“四大发明”等,都是中国人对世界文明的贡献。
Hover a word for its pinyin & meaning; click to pin it.
narration saved locally, offline — from https://download.mandarinbean.com/audio?source=aHR0cHM6Ly90cmFmZmljLmxpYnN5bi5jb20vbGVhcm5jaGluZXNlL0dpZnRzX29mX1RoZV9TaWxrX1JvYWRfLV81MDE1Lm1wMw&filename=The-Gifts-of-The-Silk-Road.mp3&signature=3c1cbf1c95d87dbb1f1cee1dcec25f8a253376219c0da8b7699e31b053158d99
| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 丝绸之路 | Sī chóu zhī Lù | the Silk Road |
| 是 | shì | to be (followed by substantives only) |
| 古代 | gǔ dài | ancient times |
| 从 | cóng | from; through; via / (bound form) retainer; attendant / (bound form) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate / (bound form) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor |
| 中国 | Zhōng guó | China |
| 经 | jīng | to pass through / to undergo / to bear / to endure |
| 中亚 | Zhōng Yà | Central Asia |
| 通向 | tōng xiàng | to lead to |
| 欧洲 | Ōu zhōu | Europe |
| 的 | de | possessive particle (of; 's) / modifying particle (used after an attribute to modify a noun or to form a nominal expression) |
| 著名 | zhù míng | famous / noted / well-known / celebrated |
| 交通 | jiāo tōng | traffic / transportation / communications / liaison |
| 路线 | lù xiàn | itinerary / route / political line (e.g. right revisionist road) |
| 这 | zhè | this; these |
| 个 | gè | classifier for people or objects in general |
| 词 | cí | word |
| 直接 | zhí jiē | direct / immediate / straightforward |
| 意义 | yì yì | sense / meaning / significance / importance |
| 只 | zhǐ | only; merely; just |
| 买 | mǎi | to buy / to purchase |
| 卖 | mài | to sell |
| 丝绸 | sī chóu | silk (cloth) |
| 道路 | dào lù | road / path / way |
| 实际上 | shí jì shàng | in fact / in reality / as a matter of fact / in practice |
| 仅仅 | jǐn jǐn | barely / only / merely / only (this and nothing more) |
| 流 | liú | to flow / to disseminate / to circulate or spread / to move or drift / to degenerate / to banish or send into exile |
| 向 | xiàng | towards / shortly before / formerly / always / all along |
| 和 | hé | and; together with |
| 一 | yī | one / single / a (article) |
| 种 | zhǒng | classifier for types, kinds, sorts |
| 名贵 | míng guì | famous and valuable / rare / precious |
| 产品 | chǎn pǐn | goods / merchandise / product |
| 那么 | nà me | then; in that case |
| 在 | zài | (of sb or sth) to be (located) at |
| 同 | tóng | like / same / similar / alike |
| 条 | tiáo | classifier for long thin things |
| 路 | lù | road / journey / route / line (bus etc) / sort; kind |
| 上 | shàng | (noun suffix) on; above |
| 以及 | yǐ jí | and; as well as |
| 北非 | Běi Fēi | North Africa |
| 有 | yǒu | to have; there is |
| 哪些 | nǎ xiē | which ones? / who? / what? |
| 东西 | dōng xi | thing / stuff / person |
| 传 | chuán | to pass on / to spread / to transmit / to infect / to transfer / to circulate / to conduct (electricity) |
| 到 | dào | to reach; to arrive / to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point) / (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point) |
| 了 | le | (completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) |
| 东亚 | Dōng yà | East Asia |
| 地区 | dì qū | region; area (informal or geographical term) |
| 呢 | ne | (sentence-final particle) used in questions to link back to prior discourse or context ("what about...?", "and...?") |
| 其实 | qí shí | actually; in fact; really |
| 不仅 | bù jǐn | not just; not limited to / (as a correlative conjunction) not only (..., but also ...) |
| 乐器 | yuè qì | musical instrument |
| 多 | duō | many; much; more; a lot of |
| 金属 | jīn shǔ | metal |
| 香料 | xiāng liào | spice / flavoring / condiment / perfume |
| 等 | děng | and so on; etc.; et al. / (used to end an enumeration) |
| 大量 | dà liàng | great amount / large quantity / bulk |
| 植物 | zhí wù | plant / vegetation |
| 也 | yě | also; too; as well; (not ...) either |
| 大大 | dà dà | greatly / enormously |
| 丰富 | fēng fù | to enrich |
| 中国人 | Zhōng guó rén | Chinese person |
| 餐桌 | cān zhuō | dining table; dinner table |
| 比如 | bǐ rú | for example; for instance; such as |
| 菠菜 | bō cài | spinach |
| 胡萝卜 | hú luó bo | carrot |
| 茄子 | qié zi | eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) / aubergine / brinjal / Guinea squash / phonetic "cheese" (when being photographed) / equivalent of "say cheese" |
| 香菜 | xiāng cài | coriander / cilantro / Coriandrum sativum |
| 大蒜 | dà suàn | garlic |
| 黄瓜 | huáng guā | cucumber |
| 莴苣 | wō jù | lettuce (Lactuca sativa) |
| 胡椒 | hú jiāo | pepper |
| 豌豆 | wān dòu | pea (Pisum sativum) |
| 葡萄 | pú tao | grape |
| 石榴 | shí liu | pomegranate |
| 西瓜 | xī guā | watermelon |
| 都 | dōu | all; both; entirely |
| 原 | yuán | former / original / primary / raw |
| 产 | chǎn | to give birth / to reproduce / to produce |
| 于 | yú | (of time or place) in; at; on / (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for / (indicating a source) from; out of / (used in comparison) than / (used in the passive voice) by |
| 西域 | Xī yù | Western Regions (Han Dynasty term for regions beyond Yumen Pass 玉門關|玉门关) |
| 或者 | huò zhě | or |
| 非洲 | Fēi zhōu | Africa |
| 物种 | wù zhǒng | species |
| 两 | liǎng | two / both / some / a few |
| 千 | qiān | thousand |
| 年 | nián | year |
| 里 | lǐ | lining / interior / inside |
| 它们 | tā men | they; them |
| 陆续 | lù xù | in turn / successively / one after the other / bit by bit |
| 通过 | tōng guò | by means of; through; via |
| 当然 | dāng rán | certainly / of course / without doubt |
| 出去 | chū qù | to go out |
| 很多 | hěn duō | many; a lot of |
| 水稻 | shuǐ dào | rice / paddy |
| 茶叶 | chá yè | tea / tea leaves |
| 瓷器 | cí qì | chinaware / porcelain |
| 还 | hái | in addition, also, else, even |
| 四大发明 | sì dà fā míng | the four great Chinese inventions: paper, printing, magnetic compass and gunpowder |
| 对 | duì | towards; at; for / concerning; regarding |
| 世界 | shì jiè | world |
| 文明 | wén míng | civilization / culture |
| 贡献 | gòng xiàn | contribution |