耶路撒冷希伯来大学的研究人员们研究了一个人的外表是否会受到名字的影响。
为此，他们招募了独立观察员，并向观察员们展示陌生人的彩色头像照片。
观察员被要求根据照片中人物的样貌，从提供的名单中选择出陌生人的真实名字。
这些观察员只依据面部样貌来识别名字的正确率多次超过理论上的概率值。
研究人员还发现，观察员不太能猜对那些只使用昵称的人的真实名字。
这表明一个人的外表只会被他实际生活中使用的名字所影响。
Mayo博士表示："我们对种族、性别等刻板印象的形成过程比较熟悉。
很多时候，别人的刻板期待会影响我们成为怎样的人。
我们假设名字也存在着类似的刻板印象，其中包括：具有特定名字的人相貌如何、这些期望如何真实地影响我们的面部表现。
"
Hover a word for its pinyin & meaning; click to pin it.
narration saved locally, offline — from https://download.mandarinbean.com/audio?source=aHR0cHM6Ly90cmFmZmljLmxpYnN5bi5jb20vbGVhcm5jaGluZXNlL0RvX1dlX0xvb2tfTGlrZV9PdXJfTmFtZXMtNTA2Ni5tcDM&filename=Do-We-Look-Like-Our-Names.mp3&signature=531812ec758718ec46545c6b8aae966f99d2da54c27168610a33b8e16c13d7dc
| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 耶路撒冷 | Yē lù sā lěng | Jerusalem |
| 希伯来大学 | Xī bó lái Dà xué | the Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
| 的 | de | possessive particle (of; 's) / modifying particle (used after an attribute to modify a noun or to form a nominal expression) |
| 研究 | yán jiū | research / a study |
| 人员 | rén yuán | staff / crew / personnel |
| 们 | men | plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals |
| 了 | le | (completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) |
| 一 | yī | one / single / a (article) |
| 个 | gè | classifier for people or objects in general |
| 人 | rén | person; people |
| 外表 | wài biǎo | outside / outward appearance |
| 是否 | shì fǒu | whether (or not) / if / is or isn't |
| 会 | huì | to be likely to; to be sure to |
| 受到 | shòu dào | to receive (praise, an education, punishment etc); to be ...ed (praised, educated, punished etc) |
| 名字 | míng zi | name (of a person or thing) |
| 影响 | yǐng xiǎng | to influence / to affect / to disturb |
| 为此 | wèi cǐ | for this reason / with regards to this / in this respect / in order to do this |
| 他们 | tā men | they; them |
| 招募 | zhāo mù | to recruit / to enlist |
| 独立 | dú lì | independent |
| 观察员 | guān chá yuán | observer |
| 并 | bìng | furthermore / also / simultaneously |
| 向 | xiàng | towards / shortly before / formerly / always / all along |
| 展示 | zhǎn shì | to reveal; to display; to show; to exhibit |
| 陌生人 | mò shēng rén | stranger |
| 彩色 | cǎi sè | color |
| 头像 | tóu xiàng | portrait; bust / (computing) profile picture; avatar |
| 照片 | zhào piàn | photograph / picture |
| 被 | bèi | used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb) / (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes |
| 要求 | yāo qiú | to request / to require / to stake a claim / to ask / to demand |
| 根据 | gēn jù | according to / based on |
| 中 | zhōng | within; among; in |
| 人物 | rén wù | person; personage; figure (esp. sb of importance) / character (in a play, novel etc) / (genre of traditional Chinese painting) figure painting |
| 样貌 | yàng mào | appearance; manifestation |
| 从 | cóng | from; through; via / (bound form) retainer; attendant / (bound form) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate / (bound form) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor |
| 提供 | tí gōng | to offer / to supply / to provide / to furnish |
| 名单 | míng dān | list of names |
| 选择 | xuǎn zé | to select; to pick |
| 出 | chū | (used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result) |
| 真实 | zhēn shí | true; real |
| 这些 | zhè xiē | these |
| 只 | zhǐ | only; merely; just |
| 依据 | yī jù | according to |
| 面部 | miàn bù | face (body part) |
| 来 | lái | (between two verbs) in order to |
| 识别 | shí bié | to distinguish; to discern; to identify; to recognize |
| 正确 | zhèng què | correct; sound; right; proper |
| 率 | lǜ | (bound form) ratio; rate; proportion |
| 多 | duō | many; much; more; a lot of |
| 次 | cì | classifier for enumerated events: time |
| 超过 | chāo guò | to surpass / to exceed / to outstrip |
| 理论 | lǐ lùn | theory |
| 上 | shàng | (noun suffix) on; above |
| 概率 | gài lǜ | probability (math.) |
| 值 | zhí | value |
| 还 | hái | in addition, also, else, even |
| 发现 | fā xiàn | to notice; to become aware of / to discover; to find; to detect |
| 不太 | bù tài | not very; not too; rather not |
| 能 | néng | can / to be able to / might possibly |
| 猜 | cāi | to guess |
| 对 | duì | right; correct |
| 那些 | nà xiē | those |
| 使用 | shǐ yòng | to use / to employ / to apply / to make use of |
| 昵称 | nì chēng | nickname / diminutive / term of endearment |
| 这 | zhè | this; these |
| 表明 | biǎo míng | to make clear / to make known / to state clearly / to indicate |
| 他 | tā | he; him; his |
| 实际 | shí jì | practical / realistic / real / actual |
| 生活 | shēng huó | life / livelihood |
| 所 | suǒ | particle introducing a relative clause or passive |
| 博士 | bó shì | doctor (as an academic degree) |
| 表示 | biǎo shì | (of sb) to express; to state; to show / (of sth) to indicate; to signify; to show |
| 我们 | wǒ men | we; us; ourselves; our |
| 种族 | zhǒng zú | race; ethnic group |
| 性别 | xìng bié | sex; gender |
| 等 | děng | and so on; etc.; et al. / (used to end an enumeration) |
| 刻板印象 | kè bǎn yìn xiàng | stereotype |
| 形成 | xíng chéng | to form; to take shape |
| 过程 | guò chéng | course of events; process |
| 比较 | bǐ jiào | comparatively / relatively / quite |
| 熟悉 | shú xi | to be familiar with; to know well |
| 很 | hěn | very; quite |
| 时候 | shí hou | time / length of time / moment / period |
| 别人 | bié rén | other people; others; other person |
| 刻板 | kè bǎn | stiff / inflexible / mechanical / stubborn |
| 期待 | qī dài | expectation |
| 成为 | chéng wéi | to become; to turn into |
| 怎样 | zěn yàng | what kind |
| 假设 | jiǎ shè | to suppose / to presume / to assume |
| 也 | yě | also; too; as well; (not ...) either |
| 存在 | cún zài | to exist / to be |
| 着 | zhe | aspect particle indicating action in progress or ongoing state |
| 类似 | lèi sì | similar; analogous |
| 其中 | qí zhōng | among / in / included among these |
| 包括 | bāo kuò | to comprise / to include / to involve / to incorporate / to consist of |
| 具有 | jù yǒu | to have; to possess |
| 特定 | tè dìng | special; specific; designated; particular |
| 相貌 | xiàng mào | appearance |
| 如何 | rú hé | how / what way / what |
| 期望 | qī wàng | expectation / hope |
| 地 | de | -ly / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct |
| 表现 | biǎo xiàn | expression / manifestation / show / display / performance (at work etc) / behavior |