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Traveler Xu Xiake

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Traveler Xu Xiake

徐霞客Xú Xiá kè是shì中国Zhōng guó明代Míng dài著名zhù míng的de旅行家lǚ xíng jiā、文学家wén xué jiā,也yě是shì《徐霞客Xú Xiá kè游记yóu jì》的de作者zuò zhě。

他tā生shēng于yú1587年nián,从cóng小xiǎo聪明cōng míng却què对duì传统chuán tǒng的de科举kē jǔ仕途shì tú不bù感兴趣gǎn xìng qù。

他tā喜欢xǐ huan阅读yuè dú地理dì lǐ书籍shū jí,尤其yóu qí羡慕xiàn mù古代gǔ dài那些nà xiē游历yóu lì四方sì fāng的de旅行家lǚ xíng jiā。

怀huái着zhe“世界shì jiè那么nà me大dà,我wǒ想xiǎng去qù看kàn看kàn”的de想法xiǎng fǎ,徐霞客Xú Xiá kè开始kāi shǐ了le他的tā de旅行lǚ xíng人生rén shēng,并bìng成为chéng wéi中国Zhōng guó历史lì shǐ上shàng最zuì早zǎo系统xì tǒng考察kǎo chá自然zì rán地理dì lǐ的de伟大wěi dà旅行家lǚ xíng jiā之一zhī yī。

徐霞客Xú Xiá kè二十èr shí多duō岁suì时shí便biàn开始kāi shǐ游历yóu lì名míng山shān大dà川chuān,足迹zú jì遍布biàn bù大dà半bàn个gè中国Zhōng guó。

他tā不仅bù jǐn对duì美měi景jǐng感兴趣gǎn xìng qù,更gèng对duì奇qí险xiǎn的de大dà自然zì rán情有独钟qíng yǒu dú zhōng。

三十sān shí多duō年nián间jiān,他tā考察kǎo chá了le天台山Tiān tāi Shān、雁荡山Yàn dàng shān、黄山Huáng Shān、庐山Lú shān、武夷山Wǔ yí shān等děng众多zhòng duō名míng山shān,还hái深入shēn rù探访tàn fǎng了le许多xǔ duō溶洞róng dòng、岩洞yán dòng,写xiě下xià了le详细xiáng xì的de观察guān chá和hé记录jì lù。

例如lì rú,在zài游览yóu lǎn黄山Huáng Shān时shí,他tā发现fā xiàn了le黄山Huáng Shān是shì长江Cháng Jiāng水系shuǐ xì与yǔ钱塘江Qián táng Jiāng水系shuǐ xì的de分水岭fēn shuǐ lǐng,并bìng确定què dìng莲花峰Lián huā Fēng是shì黄山Huáng Shān的de最zuì高gāo峰fēng。

他的tā de考察kǎo chá不仅bù jǐn体现tǐ xiàn了le极jí高gāo的de观察力guān chá lì,还hái具有jù yǒu科学kē xué精神jīng shén,为wèi后人hòu rén研究yán jiū地理dì lǐ和hé水文shuǐ wén提供tí gōng了le宝贵bǎo guì资料zī liào。

徐霞客Xú Xiá kè的de旅行lǚ xíng日记rì jì后来hòu lái被bèi整理zhěng lǐ成chéng《徐霞客Xú Xiá kè游记yóu jì》。

这zhè部bù作品zuò pǐn不仅bù jǐn是shì文学wén xué著作zhù zuò,更gèng是shì一yī部bù包含bāo hán文化wén huà、经济jīng jì、地理dì lǐ等děng知识zhī shi的de科学kē xué著作zhù zuò。

书shū中zhōng描写miáo xiě了le许多xǔ duō自然zì rán奇qí景jǐng,也yě记录jì lù了le他tā面对miàn duì恶劣è liè天气tiān qì、艰难jiān nán环境huán jìng时shí的de坚韧jiān rèn精神jīng shén。

他tā曾céng说shuō,“凡fán世shì间jiān奇qí险xiǎn瑰丽guī lì之zhī观guān,常cháng在zài险xiǎn处chù”,展现zhǎn xiàn了le他tā不bù惧jù困难kùn nan、勇于yǒng yú探险tàn xiǎn的de性格xìng gé。

徐霞客Xú Xiá kè被bèi视shì为wéi传统chuán tǒng文化wén huà与yǔ自然zì rán精神jīng shén的de象征xiàng zhēng。

他的tā de旅行lǚ xíng精神jīng shén和hé求真qiú zhēn态度tài dù激励jī lì了le无数wú shù人rén探索tàn suǒ未知wèi zhī的de世界shì jiè。

“中国Zhōng guó旅游lǚ yóu日rì”的de设立shè lì便biàn是shì为了wèi le纪念jì niàn他tā,鼓励gǔ lì人们rén men亲近qīn jìn自然zì rán、热爱rè ài生活shēng huó。

他的tā de《徐霞客Xú Xiá kè游记yóu jì》也yě成为chéng wéi珍贵zhēn guì的de文化wén huà遗产yí chǎn,让ràng后人hòu rén从cóng中zhōng感受gǎn shòu到dào中华Zhōng huá传统chuán tǒng文化wén huà的de魅力mèi lì和hé智慧zhì huì。

徐霞客Xú Xiá kè的de一生yī shēng是shì充满chōng mǎn探索tàn suǒ与yǔ发现fā xiàn的de一生yī shēng。

他tā不仅bù jǐn留下liú xia了le精彩jīng cǎi的de旅行lǚ xíng故事gù shi,也yě让ràng我们wǒ men学会xué huì如何rú hé用yòng热爱rè ài与yǔ坚持jiān chí面对miàn duì人生rén shēng。

正zhèng如rú他tā所suǒ写xiě,“达dá人rén所suǒ之zhī未wèi达dá,探tàn人rén所suǒ之zhī未wèi知zhī”,他的tā de游记yóu jì被bèi誉yù为wéi“千古qiān gǔ奇qí书shū”,他tā更gèng无愧wú kuì于yú“千古qiān gǔ奇qí人rén”的de称号chēng hào。

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Whole-text audio

narration saved locally, offline — from https://download.mandarinbean.com/audio?source=aHR0cHM6Ly90cmFmZmljLmxpYnN5bi5jb20vc2VjdXJlL2xlYXJuY2hpbmVzZS82MTM2Lm1wMw&filename=Traveler-Xu-Xiake.mp3&signature=b9c6bd679fc1f51f724399d6b07c1b2e1090aed51292583f88245593739038ab

Vocabulary 214 words

ChinesePinyinEnglish
徐霞客 Xú Xiá kèXu Xiake (1587-1641), Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer
是 shìto be (followed by substantives only)
中国 Zhōng guóChina
明代 Míng dàithe Ming dynasty (1368-1644)
著名 zhù míngfamous / noted / well-known / celebrated
的 depossessive particle (of; 's) / modifying particle (used after an attribute to modify a noun or to form a nominal expression)
旅行家 lǚ xíng jiāa traveler; an explorer
文学家 wén xué jiāwriter / man of letters
也 yěalso; too; as well; (not ...) either
游记 yóu jìtravel notes
作者 zuò zhěauthor; writer
他 tāhe; him; his
生 shēngto grow; to give birth; to produce; to be born / to arise; to occur / to light (a fire)
于 yú(of time or place) in; at; on / (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for / (indicating a source) from; out of / (used in comparison) than / (used in the passive voice) by
年 niányear
从 cóngfrom; through; via / (bound form) retainer; attendant / (bound form) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate / (bound form) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor
小 xiǎoyoung
聪明 cōng míngintelligent; clever; bright / acute (of sight and hearing)
却 quèbut / yet / however / while / nevertheless / even though
对 duìtowards; at; for / concerning; regarding
传统 chuán tǒngtraditional / conventional
科举 kē jǔimperial examination
仕途 shì túofficial career (formal)
不 bùno; not so
感兴趣 gǎn xìng qùto be interested
喜欢 xǐ huanto like; to be fond of
阅读 yuè dúto read
地理 dì lǐgeography
书籍 shū jíbooks / works
尤其 yóu qíespecially; particularly
羡慕 xiàn mùto envy / to admire
古代 gǔ dàiancient times
那些 nà xiēthose
游历 yóu lìto tour / to travel
四方 sì fāngin all directions / everywhere
怀 huáito think of / to harbor in one's mind / to conceive (a child)
着 zheaspect particle indicating action in progress or ongoing state
世界 shì jièworld
那么 nà melike that; in that way; to that extent
大 dàbig; large; great / older (than another person) / eldest
我 wǒI; me; my
想 xiǎngto desire; to want (to)
去 qùto go, to go to
看 kànto see; to look at / to read / to watch / to visit; to call on / to consider; to regard as / to look after / to treat (a patient or illness) / to depend on / to feel (that) / (after a verb) to give it a try / to watch out for
想法 xiǎng fǎway of thinking; opinion; notion
开始 kāi shǐto begin / to start
了 le(completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now)
他的 tā dehis; belonging to him
旅行 lǚ xíngjourney; trip
人生 rén shēnglife (one's time on earth)
并 bìngfurthermore / also / simultaneously
成为 chéng wéito become; to turn into
历史 lì shǐhistory
上 shàng(noun suffix) on; above
最 zuì(before an adjective or verb) to the highest degree; (the) most ...; -est
早 zǎoearly
系统 xì tǒngsystem
考察 kǎo cháto inspect / to observe and study
自然 zì ránnatural
伟大 wěi dàhuge; great; grand; worthy of the greatest admiration; important (contribution etc)
之一 zhī yīone of (sth) / one out of a multitude / one (third, quarter, percent etc)
二十 èr shítwenty; 20
多 duō(after a numeral) ... odd
岁 suìclassifier for years (of age)
时 shíwhen
便 biànequivalent to 就[jiu4]: then / in that case
名 míngfamous
山 shānmountain; hill / (coll.) small bundle of straw for silkworms to spin cocoons on
川 chuān(bound form) river / creek / plain / an area of level country
足迹 zú jìfootprint / track / spoor
遍布 biàn bùto cover the whole (area) / to be found throughout
半 bànhalf / semi-
个 gèclassifier for people or objects in general
不仅 bù jǐnnot just; not limited to / (as a correlative conjunction) not only (..., but also ...)
美 měibeautiful / very satisfactory; good
景 jǐng(bound form) scenery / circumstance / situation / scene (of a play) / (literary) sunlight
更 gèngmore / even more / further / still / still more
奇 qístrange / odd / weird / wonderful
险 xiǎndangerous / rugged
情有独钟 qíng yǒu dú zhōngto have a special fondness (for sth)
三十 sān shíthirty / 30
间 jiānbetween / among / within a definite time or space
天台山 Tiān tāi ShānMt Tiantai near Shaoxing in Zhejiang
雁荡山 Yàn dàng shānYandang mountains, famous scenic area in southeast Zhejiang
黄山 Huáng ShānHuangshan, mountain range in Anhui province
庐山 Lú shānLushan district of Jiujiang city 九江市, Jiangxi / Mt Lushan in Jiujiang, famous as summer holiday spot
武夷山 Wǔ yí shānMt Wuyi in Fujian / Wuyishan National Nature Reserve
等 děngand so on; etc.; et al. / (used to end an enumeration)
众多 zhòng duōnumerous
还 háiin addition, also, else, even
深入 shēn rùto penetrate deeply
探访 tàn fǎngto seek by inquiry or search / to call on / to visit
许多 xǔ duōmany / a lot of / much
溶洞 róng dòng(geology) solutional cave (typically, a limestone cave)
岩洞 yán dònga rock cave; a cave in rock
写 xiěto write
下 xiàdown / downwards / below
详细 xiáng xìdetailed / minute
观察 guān cháto observe; to watch; to survey
和 héand; together with
记录 jì lùrecord (written account) / record (in sports etc)
例如 lì rúfor example; for instance; such as
在 zài(used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)
游览 yóu lǎnto go sightseeing / to tour / to visit
发现 fā xiànto notice; to become aware of / to discover; to find; to detect
长江 Cháng JiāngYangtze River, or Chang Jiang
水系 shuǐ xìdrainage system
与 yǔ(formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases)
钱塘江 Qián táng JiāngQiantang River, the principal river of Zhejiang Province, eastern China
分水岭 fēn shuǐ lǐngdividing range / drainage divide / (fig.) dividing line / watershed
确定 què dìngto fix (on sth) / to determine / to be sure / to ensure / to make certain / to ascertain / to clinch / to recognize / to confirm
莲花峰 Lián huā FēngLotus Peak; the highest peak of Huangshan (Mount Huang).
高 gāohigh / tall / above average / loud
峰 fēng(of a mountain) high and tapered peak or summit / mountain-like in appearance / highest level
体现 tǐ xiànto embody / to reflect / to incarnate
极 jíextremely
观察力 guān chá lìpower of observation / perception
具有 jù yǒuto have; to possess
科学 kē xuéscientific / rational
精神 jīng shénspirit / mind / consciousness / thought / mental / psychological
为 wèibecause of / for / to
后人 hòu rénlater generation
研究 yán jiūto research / to look into
水文 shuǐ wénhydrology
提供 tí gōngto offer / to supply / to provide / to furnish
宝贵 bǎo guìvaluable / precious
资料 zī liàomaterial / resources / data / information / profile (Internet)
日记 rì jìdiary
后来 hòu láiafterwards; later
被 bèiused to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb) / (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes
整理 zhěng lǐto arrange / to tidy up / to sort out / to straighten out / to list systematically / to collate (data, files) / to pack (luggage)
成 chéngto succeed / to finish / to complete / to accomplish / to become / to turn into / to be all right
这 zhèthis; these
部 bùclassifier for works of literature, films, machines etc
作品 zuò pǐnwork (of art) / opus
文学 wén xuéliterature
著作 zhù zuòliterary work / book / article / writings
一 yīone / single / a (article)
包含 bāo hánto contain / to embody / to include
文化 wén huàculture / civilization
经济 jīng jìeconomy
知识 zhī shiknowledge
书 shūbook
中 zhōngwithin; among; in
描写 miáo xiěto describe; to depict; to portray
面对 miàn duìto face; to confront
恶劣 è lièvile / nasty / of very poor quality
天气 tiān qìweather
艰难 jiān nándifficult / hard / challenging
环境 huán jìngenvironment / circumstances / surroundings
坚韧 jiān rèntough and durable / tenacious
曾 céngonce / already / ever (in the past) / former / previously / (past tense marker used before verb or clause)
说 shuōto speak; to talk; to say
凡 fánevery / all / whatever / altogether
世 shìlife / age / generation / era / world / lifetime / epoch / descendant
瑰丽 guī lìelegant / magnificent / exceptionally beautiful
之 zhī(possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5])
观 guānto look at / to watch / to observe / to behold / to advise
常 chángalways / ever / often / frequently
处 chù(bound form) place; locality / (bound form) part; aspect / (bound form) office; department; bureau
展现 zhǎn xiànto unfold before one's eyes; to emerge; to reveal; to display
惧 jùto fear
困难 kùn nanstraitened circumstances / difficult situation
勇于 yǒng yúto dare to / to be brave enough to
探险 tàn xiǎnto explore / to go on an expedition
性格 xìng génature / disposition / temperament / character
视 shì(literary, or bound form) to look at
象征 xiàng zhēngsymbol; emblem
求真 qiú zhēnseek truth; pursue factual accuracy and truthfulness
态度 tài dùmanner / bearing / attitude / approach
激励 jī lìto encourage / to urge
无数 wú shùcountless / numberless / innumerable
人 rénperson; people
探索 tàn suǒto explore; to probe
未知 wèi zhīunknown
旅游 lǚ yóutrip / journey / tourism / travel / tour
日 rìsun / day / date, day of the month
设立 shè lìto set up; to establish
为了 wèi lefor; for the purpose of; in order to
纪念 jì niànto commemorate; to honor the memory of
鼓励 gǔ lìto encourage
人们 rén menpeople
亲近 qīn jìnto get close to
热爱 rè àito love ardently / to adore
生活 shēng huólife / livelihood
珍贵 zhēn guìprecious
遗产 yí chǎnheritage / legacy / inheritance / bequest
让 ràngto permit / to let sb do sth / to have sb do sth / to make sb (feel sad etc)
感受 gǎn shòuto sense / to feel (through the senses) / to experience
到 dàoto reach; to arrive / to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point) / (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point)
中华 Zhōng huáZhonghua, historical and cultural term for China, often used to denote Chinese civilization and identity
魅力 mèi lìcharm / fascination / glamor / charisma
智慧 zhì huìwisdom; intelligence
一生 yī shēngall one's life; throughout one's life
充满 chōng mǎnfull of / brimming with / very full / permeated
留下 liú xiato leave behind / to stay behind / to remain / to keep / not to let (sb) go
精彩 jīng cǎiwonderful / marvelous / brilliant
故事 gù shinarrative; story; tale
我们 wǒ menwe; us; ourselves; our
学会 xué huìto learn; to master
如何 rú héhow / what way / what
用 yòngto use; to make use of; to employ / (coverb) with; using
坚持 jiān chíto persevere with / to persist in / to insist on
正 zhèngexactly / just (at that time) / right (in that place)
如 rúas / as if / such as
所 suǒparticle introducing a relative clause or passive
达 dáto attain / to reach / to amount to / to communicate
未 wèinot yet / did not / have not / not
探 tànto explore / to search out / to scout / to visit / to stretch forward
知 zhīto know / to be aware
誉 yùto praise / to acclaim
千古 qiān gǔfor all eternity / throughout all ages
无愧 wú kuìto have a clear conscience; to feel no qualms; to be worthy of (sth)
称号 chēng hàoname / term of address / title