2021年大年初一以后就进入了中国的牛年,不过今年的牛年和以往不同,只有354天。
原来,中国农历根据月相的变化周期来确定日期和月份,又根据二十四节气来确定一年的长度。
由于12个农历月的天数不够二十四节气的长度,13个月又超过了,因此会采用适时增加闰月的办法来调节里面的矛盾。
有闰月的年份称为农历闰年,有13个月,没有的则称为农历平年,只有12个月。
因此,2021年牛年仅有254天,从2021年2月12日开始到2022年1月31日结束。
而12年后的牛年将迎来农历闰年,也就是说2033年时全年将有384天。
中国的生肖起源与古代的动物崇拜有关。
十二生肖是按人的不同出生年份配以十二种不同的动物,包括鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。
每当进入农历大年初一时,就开始一个新的生肖年份。
如果今年是你的生肖年份,则称为“本命年”。
每一种生肖都有丰富的传说和文化习俗。
Hover a word for its pinyin & meaning; click to pin it.
narration saved locally, offline — from https://download.mandarinbean.com/audio?source=aHR0cHM6Ly90cmFmZmljLmxpYnN5bi5jb20vc2VjdXJlL2xlYXJuY2hpbmVzZS9Pbmx5XzM1NF9kYXlzX2luX3RoZV9ZZWFyX29mX3RoZV9PeF8tXzYxMDAubXAz&filename=Only-354-days-in-the-Year-of-the-Ox.mp3&signature=662231e600d528c18d6d6af8c3274def2ef01f9cd8ad37bb8d13818cbeb27c09
| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 年 | nián | year |
| 大年 | dà nián | Lunar New Year; the first day of the lunar new year. |
| 初一 | chū yī | first year in junior middle school |
| 以后 | yǐ hòu | after / later / afterwards / following / later on / in the future |
| 就 | jiù | as soon as; immediately after |
| 进入 | jìn rù | to enter / to join / to go into |
| 了 | le | (completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) |
| 中国 | Zhōng guó | China |
| 的 | de | possessive particle (of; 's) / modifying particle (used after an attribute to modify a noun or to form a nominal expression) |
| 牛 | niú | ox / cow / bull / newton (abbr. for 牛頓|牛顿) |
| 不过 | bù guò | but / however |
| 今年 | jīn nián | this year |
| 和 | hé | and; together with |
| 以往 | yǐ wǎng | in the past; formerly |
| 不同 | bù tóng | different / distinct / not the same / not alike |
| 只 | zhǐ | only; merely; just |
| 有 | yǒu | to have; there is |
| 天 | tiān | day |
| 原来 | yuán lái | so, actually, as it turns out |
| 农历 | nóng lì | the traditional Chinese calendar / the lunar calendar |
| 根据 | gēn jù | according to / based on |
| 月相 | yuè xiàng | phase of the moon |
| 变化 | biàn huà | change; variation |
| 周期 | zhōu qī | period / cycle |
| 来 | lái | (between two verbs) in order to |
| 确定 | què dìng | to fix (on sth) / to determine / to be sure / to ensure / to make certain / to ascertain / to clinch / to recognize / to confirm |
| 日期 | rì qī | date |
| 月份 | yuè fèn | month |
| 又 | yòu | also |
| 二十四 | èr shí sì | twenty-four; the number 24 |
| 节气 | jié qì | solar term |
| 一 | yī | one / single / a (article) |
| 长度 | cháng dù | length |
| 由于 | yóu yú | due to / as a result of / thanks to / owing to / since / because |
| 个 | gè | classifier for people or objects in general |
| 月 | yuè | month / monthly |
| 天数 | tiān shù | number of days / fate / destiny |
| 不 | bù | no; not so |
| 够 | gòu | enough (sufficient) / enough (too much) |
| 超过 | chāo guò | to surpass / to exceed / to outstrip |
| 因此 | yīn cǐ | thus; consequently; as a result |
| 会 | huì | to be likely to; to be sure to |
| 采用 | cǎi yòng | to adopt / to employ / to use |
| 适时 | shì shí | timely / apt to the occasion |
| 增加 | zēng jiā | to raise; to increase |
| 闰月 | rùn yuè | intercalary month in the lunar calendar / leap month |
| 办法 | bàn fǎ | way of handling sth; means; measure; (practical) solution to a problem |
| 调节 | tiáo jié | to adjust / to regulate / to harmonize / to reconcile (accountancy etc) |
| 里面 | lǐ miàn | inside / interior |
| 矛盾 | máo dùn | contradiction / conflicting views |
| 年份 | nián fèn | particular year |
| 称 | chēng | to name |
| 为 | wéi | to take sth as / to act as / to serve as / to behave as / to become / to be / to do |
| 闰年 | rùn nián | leap year / (lunar calendar) year with a thirteen intercalary month |
| 没有 | méi yǒu | to not have |
| 则 | zé | (literary) (conjunction used to express contrast with a previous clause) but; then |
| 平年 | píng nián | common year |
| 仅 | jǐn | barely / only / merely |
| 从 | cóng | from; through; via / (bound form) retainer; attendant / (bound form) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate / (bound form) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor |
| 日 | rì | sun / day / date, day of the month |
| 开始 | kāi shǐ | to begin / to start |
| 到 | dào | to reach; to arrive / to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point) / (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point) |
| 结束 | jié shù | to finish / to end / to conclude / to close |
| 而 | ér | but (not) / yet (not) / (indicates contrast) |
| 后 | hòu | afterwards / after |
| 将 | jiāng | will / shall |
| 迎来 | yíng lái | to welcome (a visitor or newcomer) / (fig.) to usher in |
| 也 | yě | also; too; as well; (not ...) either |
| 就是 | jiù shì | exactly; precisely / only; simply; just / even; even if |
| 说 | shuō | to speak; to talk; to say |
| 时 | shí | when |
| 全 | quán | all / whole / entire / every / complete |
| 生肖 | shēng xiào | one of the twelve animals symbolic of the earthly branches 地支 / animal from the Chinese zodiac |
| 起源 | qǐ yuán | origin |
| 与 | yǔ | (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast) |
| 古代 | gǔ dài | ancient times |
| 动物 | dòng wù | animal |
| 崇拜 | chóng bài | to worship |
| 有关 | yǒu guān | to have sth to do with / to relate to / to concern |
| 十二 | shí èr | twelve / 12 |
| 是 | shì | to be (followed by substantives only) |
| 按 | àn | according to / in the light of |
| 人 | rén | person; people |
| 出生 | chū shēng | to be born |
| 配 | pèi | to join / to fit / to mate / to mix / to match / to deserve / to make up (a prescription) / to allocate |
| 以 | yǐ | by means of / according to / in order to / because of / at |
| 种 | zhǒng | classifier for types, kinds, sorts |
| 包括 | bāo kuò | to comprise / to include / to involve / to incorporate / to consist of |
| 鼠 | shǔ | (bound form) rat; mouse |
| 虎 | hǔ | tiger |
| 兔 | tù | rabbit |
| 龙 | lóng | Chinese dragon; loong / (fig.) emperor / dragon / (bound form) dinosaur |
| 蛇 | shé | snake / serpent |
| 马 | mǎ | horse / horse or cavalry piece in Chinese chess / knight in Western chess |
| 羊 | yáng | sheep; goat |
| 猴 | hóu | monkey |
| 鸡 | jī | fowl / chicken |
| 狗 | gǒu | dog |
| 猪 | zhū | hog / pig / swine |
| 每 | měi | each / every |
| 当 | dāng | when / during / ought / should / just at (a time or place) / on the spot / just at |
| 新 | xīn | new; newly |
| 如果 | rú guǒ | if; in case; in the event that |
| 你 | nǐ | you |
| 本命年 | běn mìng nián | year of one's birth sign |
| 都 | dōu | all; both; entirely |
| 丰富 | fēng fù | rich / plentiful / abundant |
| 传说 | chuán shuō | legend; folk tale |
| 文化 | wén huà | cultural |
| 习俗 | xí sú | custom / tradition / local tradition / convention |