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Is the MBTI test scientific?

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Is the MBTI test scientific?

MBTI是shì一yī种zhǒng流行liú xíng的de性格xìng gé测试cè shì,可以kě yǐ让ràng你nǐ知道zhī dào你nǐ是shì16种zhǒng性格xìng gé类型lèi xíng中zhōng的de哪nǎ一yī种zhǒng。

比如bǐ rú,ENFJ这zhè种zhǒng类型lèi xíng的de人rén通常tōng cháng有yǒu领导lǐng dǎo力lì,而érINTJ这zhè种zhǒng类型lèi xíng的de人rén则zé是shì理性lǐ xìng和hé果断guǒ duàn的de。

这zhè个gè测试cè shì有yǒu长cháng版bǎn也yě有yǒu快kuài速sù版bǎn,很多hěn duō人rén觉得jué de测出cè chū的de结果jié guǒ很hěn准zhǔn,就jiù像xiàng科学kē xué版bǎn的de算命suàn mìng。

现在xiàn zài,这zhè个gè测试cè shì在zài网wǎng上shàng非常fēi cháng火huǒ,特别tè bié是shì在zài年轻nián qīng人rén中zhōng很hěn受shòu欢迎huān yíng。

MBTI的de全quán名míng是shì迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标Mài ěr sī Bù lǐ gé sī lèi xíng zhǐ biāo,由yóu两liǎng位wèi美国Měi guó作家zuò jiā在zài20世纪shì jì40年代nián dài制作zhì zuò。

著名zhù míng心理学家xīn lǐ xué jiā荣格Róng gé把bǎ人rén的de性格xìng gé分成fēn chéng了le8种zhǒng类型lèi xíng,这zhè个gè测试cè shì就jiù是shì基于jī yú荣格Róng gé的de理论lǐ lùn。

后来hòu lái,迈尔斯Mài ěr sī和hé布里格斯Bù lǐ gé sī在zài此cǐ基础jī chǔ上shàng加jiā了le一yī个gè维度wéi dù,变成biàn chéng了le16种zhǒng类型lèi xíng。

专家zhuān jiā们men认为rèn wéi,MBTI之所以zhī suǒ yǐ流行liú xíng,是shì因为yīn wèi它tā符合fú hé人rén脑nǎo的de工作gōng zuò方式fāng shì,能néng让ràng人们rén men很hěn快kuài分类fēn lèi理解lǐ jiě事物shì wù。

虽然suī rán现在xiàn zài有yǒu更gèng科学kē xué的de性格xìng gé测试cè shì方法fāng fǎ,但dàn因为yīn wèi不bù易yì理解lǐ jiě,所以suǒ yǐ不如bù rúMBTI流行liú xíng。

16种zhǒng性格xìng gé类型lèi xíng真的zhēn de科学kē xué吗ma?

能néng定义dìng yì我们wǒ men吗ma?

北京师范大学Běi jīng Shī fàn Dà xué的de教授jiào shòu王芳Wáng Fāng表示biǎo shì,性格xìng gé测试cè shì只zhǐ是shì帮助bāng zhù我们wǒ men了解liǎo jiě自己zì jǐ的de一yī个gè方式fāng shì,不bù应该yīng gāi成为chéng wéi选择xuǎn zé职业zhí yè的de主要zhǔ yào依据yī jù。

因为yīn wèi人格rén gé不是bù shì固定gù dìng不bù变biàn的de,兴趣xìng qù、能力néng lì和hé价值观jià zhí guān也yě很hěn重要zhòng yào。

有yǒu研究yán jiū表明biǎo míng,MBTI类型lèi xíng和hé工作gōng zuò表现biǎo xiàn之间zhī jiān的de关联guān lián很hěn小xiǎo。

MBTI更多gèng duō地de测量cè liáng的de是shì我们wǒ men的de偏好piān hào,而ér不是bù shì能力néng lì。

MBTI测试cè shì可能kě néng反映fǎn yìng的de是shì一yī个gè理想化lǐ xiǎng huà的de自己zì jǐ。

尽管jǐn guǎnMBTI有yǒu心理学xīn lǐ xué的de背景bèi jǐng,但dàn它tā的de科学kē xué性xìng还是hái shi有yǒu争议zhēng yì的de。

一yī方面fāng miàn,它tā的de基础jī chǔ理论lǐ lùn没有méi yǒu经过jīng guò实证shí zhèng检验jiǎn yàn;

另lìng一yī方面fāng miàn,科学kē xué的de测试cè shì需要xū yào通过tōng guò信度xìn dù和hé效度xiào dù的de检验jiǎn yàn,而érMBTI在zài这zhè方面fāng miàn不bù够gòu强qiáng。

有人yǒu rén对duìMBTI的de准确性zhǔn què xìng表示biǎo shì怀疑huái yí,因为yīn wèi他们tā men测cè了le好hǎo几jǐ次cì,每měi次cì的de结果jié guǒ都dōu不bù一样yī yàng。

一般yī bān的de性格xìng gé测试cè shì让ràng人rén从cóng不bù同意tóng yì到dào非常fēi cháng同意tóng yì中zhōng选择xuǎn zé,这样zhè yàng可以kě yǐ更gèng精确jīng què地de表达biǎo dá自己zì jǐ的de状态zhuàng tài。

而érMBTI的de测试cè shì题目tí mù通常tōng cháng是shì二èr选xuǎn一yī,这zhè使得shǐ de结果jié guǒ更gèng绝对jué duì。

而ér大多数dà duō shù人rén其实qí shí都dōu处chǔ于yú中间zhōng jiān状态zhuàng tài,这zhè也yě是shì为什么wèi shén me有些yǒu xiē人rén多duō测cè几jǐ次cì会huì得到dé dào不同bù tóng结果jié guǒ的de原因yuán yīn。

人rén与yǔ人rén之间zhī jiān其实qí shí差异chā yì没有méi yǒu我们wǒ men想象xiǎng xiàng的de那么nà me大dà,全quán世界shì jiè的de人rén不bù可能kě néng只zhǐ分fēn为wéi16类lèi。

这zhè也yě显示xiǎn shì了le这zhè类lèi测试cè shì的de不bù科学kē xué之zhī处chù。

MBTI的de流行liú xíng也yě带dài来lái了le一些yī xiē问题wèn tí,比如bǐ rú让ràng人rén自我zì wǒ固化gù huà。

有的yǒu de网友wǎng yǒu说shuō,通过tōng guòMBTI测试cè shì,他们tā men找到zhǎo dào了le和hé自己zì jǐ性格xìng gé相似xiāng sì的de人rén,这zhè让ràng他们tā men感到gǎn dào不再bù zài孤单gū dān。

但dàn专家zhuān jiā提醒tí xǐng,我们wǒ men不bù应该yīng gāi因为yīn wèi性格xìng gé测试cè shì的de结果jié guǒ而ér限制xiàn zhì了le自己zì jǐ的de可能性kě néng xìng。

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Vocabulary 224 words

ChinesePinyinEnglish
是 shìto be (followed by substantives only)
一 yīone / single / a (article)
种 zhǒngclassifier for types, kinds, sorts
流行 liú xíng(of a style of clothing, song etc) popular / fashionable
的 depossessive particle (of; 's) / modifying particle (used after an attribute to modify a noun or to form a nominal expression)
性格 xìng génature / disposition / temperament / character
测试 cè shìa test / (computing) beta (version of software)
可以 kě yǐcan / may / possible / able to
让 ràngto permit / to let sb do sth / to have sb do sth / to make sb (feel sad etc)
你 nǐyou
知道 zhī dàoto know; to become aware of
类型 lèi xíngtype; kind; category / (computer programming) type
中 zhōngwithin; among; in
哪 nǎwhich
比如 bǐ rúfor example; for instance; such as
这 zhèthis; these
人 rénperson; people
通常 tōng chángusually; normally
有 yǒuto have; there is
领导 lǐng dǎolead / leading / leadership / leader
力 lìpower / force / strength / ability
而 érbut (not) / yet (not) / (indicates contrast)
则 zé(literary) (conjunction used to express contrast with a previous clause) but; then
理性 lǐ xìngrational
和 héand; together with
果断 guǒ duànfirm / decisive
个 gèclassifier for people or objects in general
长 chánglong
版 bǎna register / block of printing / edition / version / page
也 yěalso; too; as well; (not ...) either
快 kuàirapid / quick
速 sùfast / rapid / quick
很多 hěn duōmany; a lot of
觉得 jué deto think that ...; to feel that ...
测出 cè chūto measure and find out; to detect the result of a test
结果 jié guǒoutcome; result; consequence
很 hěnvery; quite
准 zhǔnaccurate / standard / quasi- / para-
就 jiùmerely; nothing else but; simply; just; precisely; exactly
像 xiàngto resemble / to be like / to look as if
科学 kē xuéscientific / rational
算命 suàn mìngfortune-telling
现在 xiàn zàinow; at present; currently
在 zài(of sb or sth) to be (located) at
网 wǎngnet; web / network
上 shàng(noun suffix) on; above
非常 fēi chángvery; really
火 huǒurgent / fiery or flaming / hot (popular)
特别 tè biévery; especially; particularly / in particular
年轻 nián qīngyoung
受 shòusubjected to / (passive marker)
欢迎 huān yíngwelcome
全 quánall / whole / entire / every / complete
名 míngname
迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标 Mài ěr sī Bù lǐ gé sī lèi xíng zhǐ biāoMyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a personality assessment framework.
由 yóufrom / because of; due to / by; via; through / (before a noun and a verb) it is for ... to ...
两 liǎngtwo / both / some / a few
位 wèiclassifier for people (honorific)
美国 Měi guóUnited States; USA; US
作家 zuò jiāauthor
世纪 shì jìcentury
年代 nián dàia decade of a century / age / era / period
制作 zhì zuòto make; to manufacture
著名 zhù míngfamous / noted / well-known / celebrated
心理学家 xīn lǐ xué jiāpsychologist
荣格 Róng géCarl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), Swiss psychiatrist
把 bǎ(used to put the object before the verb: 把[ba3] + {noun} + {verb})
分成 fēn chéngto divide (into) / to split a bonus / to break into
了 le(completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now)
基于 jī yúbecause of / on the basis of / in view of / on account of
理论 lǐ lùntheory
后来 hòu láiafterwards; later
迈尔斯 Mài ěr sīMyers
布里格斯 Bù lǐ gé sīBriggs
此 cǐthis; these
基础 jī chǔbase; foundation; basis
加 jiāto add / to increase; to augment
维度 wéi dùdimension (math.) / dimensionality
变成 biàn chéngto change into / to turn into / to become
专家 zhuān jiāexpert; specialist
们 menplural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals
认为 rèn wéito believe; to think; to consider; to feel
之所以 zhī suǒ yǐ(after a noun N and before a predicate P) the reason why N P
因为 yīn wèibecause; owing to; on account of
它 tāit
符合 fú héin accordance with; to agree with; to conform to; to meet (a requirement)
脑 nǎobrain / mind / head / essence
工作 gōng zuòto work / (of a machine) to operate
方式 fāng shìway; method; manner; mode; pattern (of behavior etc)
能 néngcan / to be able to / might possibly
人们 rén menpeople
分类 fēn lèito classify
理解 lǐ jiěto comprehend; to understand
事物 shì wùthing; object
虽然 suī ránalthough; even though
更 gèngmore / even more / further / still / still more
方法 fāng fǎmethod; way; technique; procedure
但 dànbut; yet; however; still
不 bùno; not so
易 yìeasy / amiable / prefix corresponding to the English adjective suffix "-able" or "-ible"
所以 suǒ yǐtherefore / as a result / so
不如 bù rúnot equal to; not as good as; inferior to / it would be better to
真的 zhēn dereally; truly; indeed
吗 ma(question particle for "yes-no" questions)
定义 dìng yìto define
我们 wǒ menwe; us; ourselves; our
北京师范大学 Běi jīng Shī fàn Dà xuéBeijing Normal University
教授 jiào shòuprofessor
王芳 Wáng Fānga person's name: Wang Fang
表示 biǎo shì(of sb) to express; to state; to show / (of sth) to indicate; to signify; to show
只 zhǐonly; merely; just
帮助 bāng zhùto help; to assist
了解 liǎo jiěto understand / to realize / to find out
自己 zì jǐoneself; (attributive) one's own
应该 yīng gāiought to; should; must
成为 chéng wéito become; to turn into
选择 xuǎn zéto select; to pick
职业 zhí yèoccupation; profession; vocation
主要 zhǔ yàomain; principal; major; primary
依据 yī jùbasis / foundation
人格 rén gépersonality / integrity / dignity
不是 bù shìis not
固定 gù dìngfixed / set / regular
变 biànto change / to become different / to transform / to vary
兴趣 xìng qùinterest (desire to know about sth) / interest; hobby
能力 néng lìcapability / ability
价值观 jià zhí guānvalue system; personal or cultural values
重要 zhòng yàoimportant; significant; major
研究 yán jiūresearch / a study
表明 biǎo míngto make clear / to make known / to state clearly / to indicate
表现 biǎo xiànexpression / manifestation / show / display / performance (at work etc) / behavior
之间 zhī jiān(after a noun) between; among; amid
关联 guān liánrelationship; connection
小 xiǎosmall / tiny / few
更多 gèng duōmore; greater in amount, degree, or number
地 de-ly / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct
测量 cè liángto measure / to gauge / to determine
偏好 piān hàoto have a special liking (for sth)
可能 kě néngmight (happen) / maybe / perhaps
反映 fǎn yìngto mirror / to reflect / mirror image / reflection
理想化 lǐ xiǎng huàto idealize
尽管 jǐn guǎndespite / although / even though / in spite of
心理学 xīn lǐ xuépsychology
背景 bèi jǐngbackground; backdrop; context / (fig.) powerful backer
性 xìngsuffix forming adjective from verb / suffix forming noun from adjective, corresponding to -ness or -ity
还是 hái shistill (as before)
争议 zhēng yìcontroversy / dispute
方面 fāng miànrespect / aspect / field / side
没有 méi yǒuhaven't / hasn't
经过 jīng guòto pass / to go through
实证 shí zhèngempirical
检验 jiǎn yànto inspect / to examine / to test
另 lìngother / another / separate
需要 xū yàoto need; to want; to demand; to require
通过 tōng guòto pass through; to get through / to adopt (a resolution); to pass (legislation) / to pass (a test)
信度 xìn dùreliability; the degree to which a test or measurement produces consistent results
效度 xiào dùvalidity; the degree to which a test or measure accurately measures what it is intended to measure
够 gòuenough (sufficient) / enough (too much)
强 qiángstrong / powerful / better / vigorous / violent / best in their category
有人 yǒu rénsomeone / people / anyone
对 duìtowards; at; for / concerning; regarding
准确性 zhǔn què xìngaccuracy
怀疑 huái yíto doubt (sth); to be skeptical of / to have one's doubts; to harbor suspicions; to suspect that
他们 tā menthey; them
测 cèto survey / to measure / to conjecture
好 hǎo(before an adjective for exclamatory effect) so
几 jǐseveral / a few
次 cìclassifier for enumerated events: time
每 měieach / every
都 dōuall; both; entirely
一样 yī yàngsame / like / equal to / the same as
一般 yī bānordinary / so-so / common / general
从 cóngfrom; through; via / (bound form) retainer; attendant / (bound form) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate / (bound form) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor
同意 tóng yìto agree / to consent / to approve
到 dàoto reach; to arrive / to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point) / (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point)
这样 zhè yàngthis way; like this; so
精确 jīng quèaccurate; precise
表达 biǎo dáto express; to convey
状态 zhuàng tàicondition; state; state of affairs
题目 tí mùsubject; title; topic / exercise or exam question
二 èrtwo / 2
选 xuǎnto choose / to pick / to select / to elect
使得 shǐ deto make; to cause; to bring about
绝对 jué duìabsolute; unconditional
大多数 dà duō shù(great) majority
其实 qí shíactually; in fact; really
处 chǔto reside / to live / to dwell / to be in / to be situated at / to stay / to be in a position of
于 yú(of time or place) in; at; on / (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for / (indicating a source) from; out of / (used in comparison) than / (used in the passive voice) by
中间 zhōng jiānin the middle; within; between; among
为什么 wèi shén mewhy? / for what reason?
有些 yǒu xiēsome
多 duōmany; much; more; a lot of
会 huìto be likely to; to be sure to
得到 dé dàoto get; to obtain; to receive
不同 bù tóngdifferent / distinct / not the same / not alike
原因 yuán yīncause / origin / root cause / reason
与 yǔ(formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast)
差异 chā yìdifference; discrepancy
想象 xiǎng xiàngto imagine; to envision
那么 nà melike that; in that way; to that extent
大 dàbig; large; great / older (than another person) / eldest
世界 shì jièworld
分 fēnto divide; to separate
为 wéito take sth as / to act as / to serve as / to behave as / to become / to be / to do
类 lèikind; type; class; category / (classifier) kind; type
显示 xiǎn shìto show / to illustrate / to display / to demonstrate
之 zhī(possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5])
带 dàito wear / to carry / to take along / to bear / to bring
来 láihither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker)
一些 yī xiēsome; a few; a little; (following an adjective) slightly ...er
问题 wèn tíquestion / problem / issue / topic
自我 zì wǒthe self; oneself; self- / (psychology) ego
固化 gù huàto solidify; to harden / (fig.) to make permanent; to become fixed
有的 yǒu de(there are) some (who are...) / some (exist)
网友 wǎng yǒuonline friend / netizen; Internet user
说 shuōto speak; to talk; to say
找到 zhǎo dàoto find
相似 xiāng sìsimilar; alike
感到 gǎn dàoto feel; to sense; to perceive
不再 bù zàino more; no longer
孤单 gū dānlone / lonely
提醒 tí xǐngto remind / to call attention to / to warn of
限制 xiàn zhìto restrict / to limit / to confine
可能性 kě néng xìngpossibility; probability