▸ 一yī八bā九jiǔ四sì年nián，中国zhōng guó在zài战争zhàn zhēng中zhōng被bèi日本rì běn打败dǎ bài，全国quán guó震惊zhèn jīng。

In 1894, China was defeated by Japan in a war, and the whole nation was shocked.

▸ 孙中山sūn zhōng shān放下fàng xià了le医生yī shēng的de工作gōng zuò，做了zuò le一个yī ge改变gǎi biàn一生yī shēng的de决定jué dìng。

Sun Yat-sen set aside his work as a doctor and made a decision that would change his life.

▸ 他tā对duì朋友péng you说shuō：“医生yī shēng只能zhǐ néng救jiù几jǐ个人gè rén；要yào救jiù整个zhěng gè国家guó jiā，就jiù必须bì xū革命gé mìng。”

He told his friends: "A doctor can only save a few people; to save the whole country, there must be a revolution."

▸ 那nà一yī年nián，他tā在zài檀香山tán xiāng shān成立chéng lì了le兴中会xīng zhōng huì——他的tā de第一dì yī个gè革命gé mìng组织zǔ zhī。

That year, in Honolulu, he founded the Revive China Society — his first revolutionary organization.

▸ 会员huì yuán们men举起jǔ qǐ右手yòu shǒu宣誓xuān shì：推翻tuī fān清朝qīng cháo，建立jiàn lì一个人yī gè rén人rén平等píng děng的de新xīn中国zhōng guó。

The members raised their right hands and swore an oath: overthrow the Qing dynasty and build a new China where everyone is equal.

▸ 第二dì èr年nián，他们tā men在zài广州guǎng zhōu发动fā dòng了le第一次dì yī cì起义qǐ yì，可是kě shì失败shī bài了le。

The next year they launched their first uprising in Guangzhou, but it failed.

▸ 清朝qīng cháo政府zhèng fǔ到处dào chù抓他zhuā tā，他tā只好zhǐ hǎo剪掉jiǎn diào辫子biàn zi，换huàn上shàng西装xī zhuāng，逃táo到了dào liǎo国外guó wài。

The Qing government hunted him everywhere, so he cut off his queue, put on a Western suit, and fled abroad.

▸ 一yī八bā九jiǔ六liù年nián，他tā在zài伦敦lún dūn被bèi清朝qīng cháo使馆shǐ guǎn的de人rén绑架bǎng jià了le。

In 1896, in London, he was kidnapped by men from the Qing legation.

▸ 他tā被bèi关guān在zài使馆shǐ guǎn里lǐ，随时suí shí可能kě néng被bèi秘密mì mì送sòng回huí中国zhōng guó处死chǔ sǐ。

He was locked inside the legation, and at any moment he might be secretly shipped back to China and executed.

▸ 幸好xìng hǎo，他的tā de老师lǎo shī知道了zhī dào le这件zhè jiàn事shì，马上mǎ shàng告诉gào sù了le英国yīng guó的de报纸bào zhǐ。

Luckily, his old teacher learned what had happened and immediately told the British newspapers.

▸ 全quán伦敦lún dūn都dōu在zài讨论tǎo lùn这件zhè jiàn事shì，使馆shǐ guǎn只好zhǐ hǎo把bǎ他tā放了fàng le。

All of London was talking about the affair, and the legation had no choice but to let him go.

▸ 这次zhè cì事件shì jiàn让ràng孙中山sūn zhōng shān一下子yī xià zi出chū了le名míng，全世界quán shì jiè都dōu知道了zhī dào le这位zhè wèi中国zhōng guó革命家gé mìng jiā。

The incident made Sun Yat-sen famous overnight — the whole world now knew this Chinese revolutionary.

▸ 在zài那nà之后zhī hòu的de十几shí jǐ年nián里lǐ，他tā走zǒu遍biàn世界各地shì jiè gè dì，向xiàng华侨huá qiáo演讲yǎn jiǎng、募捐mù juān。

Over the next dozen years, he traveled all over the world, giving speeches to overseas Chinese and raising funds.

▸ 他tā常说cháng shuō：“华侨huá qiáo是shì革命gé mìng之zhī母mǔ。”

He often said: "Overseas Chinese are the mother of the revolution."

▸ 一yī九jiǔ零líng五wǔ年nián，他tā在zài日本rì běn成立chéng lì了le同盟会tóng méng huì，提出tí chū了le三民主义sān mín zhǔ yì：民族mín zú、民权mín quán、民生mín shēng。

In 1905, in Japan, he founded the Tongmenghui and put forward the Three Principles of the People: nationalism, democracy, and the people's livelihood.

▸ 同盟会tóng méng huì一次yī cì又一次yòu yī cì地de发动fā dòng起义qǐ yì，又一次yòu yī cì又一次yòu yī cì地de失败shī bài。

Again and again the Tongmenghui launched uprisings, and again and again they failed.

▸ 有人yǒu rén劝他quàn tā放弃fàng qì，他tā回答huí dá：“失败shī bài了le十shí次cì，第dì十shí一次yī cì就jiù会huì成功chéng gōng。”

Some urged him to give up. He replied: "We have failed ten times — the eleventh time, we will succeed."

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