韩国是世界上生育率最低的国家,并且还在持续下降,一次次地打破惊人的最低纪录。
2023年韩国的生育率再下降8%,降至0.72。
如果要保持人口稳定,这个数字应该是2.1。
如果这种趋势持续下去,预计到2100年,韩国人口将减少一半。
其实,全球发达国家的生育率都在下降,但是都没有韩国这么严重。
在未来50年,韩国符合兵役资格的人口将减少58%,近一半的人口将超过65岁。
这对于经济、国家安全都是非常不利的,很多政治家认为这已经是国家紧急情况了。
最近20年,韩国政府在这个问题上投入了大量的资金,但仍然没有效果。
为什么韩国人,尤其是韩国女性,不愿意生孩子呢?
韩国女性受教育程度很高,但是却很难找到可以平等分担家务、照顾孩子的男人。
在工作和家庭之间,很多人选择了工作。
社会的压力让人们必须长时间地学习和工作,但也因此让女性们没有时间和精力去养育孩子。
除此之外,还有昂贵的房价,惊人的教育费用等。
这些过度而不必要的竞争都是让人们不敢生孩子的原因。
Hover a word for its pinyin & meaning; click to pin it.
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| Chinese | Pinyin | English |
|---|---|---|
| 韩国 | Hán guó | South Korea (Republic of Korea) / (historical) Han, one of the Seven Warring States |
| 是 | shì | to be (followed by substantives only) |
| 世界 | shì jiè | world |
| 上 | shàng | (noun suffix) on; above |
| 生育 | shēng yù | fertility |
| 率 | lǜ | (bound form) ratio; rate; proportion |
| 最 | zuì | (before an adjective or verb) to the highest degree; (the) most ...; -est |
| 低 | dī | low |
| 的 | de | possessive particle (of; 's) / modifying particle (used after an attribute to modify a noun or to form a nominal expression) |
| 国家 | guó jiā | country; nation; state |
| 并且 | bìng qiě | and; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition |
| 还 | hái | still, still in progress, yet |
| 在 | zài | (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) |
| 持续 | chí xù | to continue / to persist / to last |
| 下降 | xià jiàng | to decline / to drop / to fall / to go down / to decrease |
| 一 | yī | one / single / a (article) |
| 次 | cì | classifier for enumerated events: time |
| 地 | de | -ly / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct |
| 打破 | dǎ pò | to break; to smash |
| 惊人 | jīng rén | astonishing |
| 纪录 | jì lù | record; best result; achievement that sets a new high |
| 年 | nián | year |
| 再 | zài | again; once more; re- |
| 降 | jiàng | to drop / to fall / to come down / to descend |
| 至 | zhì | to / until |
| 如果 | rú guǒ | if; in case; in the event that |
| 要 | yào | to want; to need; to ask for |
| 保持 | bǎo chí | to keep / to maintain / to hold / to preserve |
| 人口 | rén kǒu | population / people |
| 稳定 | wěn dìng | steady / stable |
| 这 | zhè | this; these |
| 个 | gè | classifier for people or objects in general |
| 数字 | shù zì | numeral / digit / number / figure / amount |
| 应该 | yīng gāi | ought to; should; must |
| 种 | zhǒng | classifier for types, kinds, sorts |
| 趋势 | qū shì | trend; tendency |
| 下去 | xià qù | to go on / to continue |
| 预计 | yù jì | to forecast / to predict / to estimate |
| 到 | dào | to reach; to arrive / to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point) / (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point) |
| 将 | jiāng | will / shall |
| 减少 | jiǎn shǎo | to lessen; to decrease; to reduce; to lower |
| 一半 | yī bàn | half |
| 其实 | qí shí | actually; in fact; really |
| 全球 | quán qiú | worldwide; global |
| 发达 | fā dá | well-developed; flourishing |
| 都 | dōu | all; both; entirely |
| 但是 | dàn shì | but; however |
| 没有 | méi yǒu | doesn't exist / to not be |
| 这么 | zhè me | so much / this much / how much? |
| 严重 | yán zhòng | grave; serious; severe; critical |
| 未来 | wèi lái | approaching / coming / pending |
| 符合 | fú hé | in accordance with; to agree with; to conform to; to meet (a requirement) |
| 兵役 | bīng yì | military service |
| 资格 | zī gé | qualifications / seniority |
| 近 | jìn | approximately |
| 超过 | chāo guò | to surpass / to exceed / to outstrip |
| 岁 | suì | classifier for years (of age) |
| 对于 | duì yú | regarding; as far as (sth) is concerned; with regard to |
| 经济 | jīng jì | economy |
| 安全 | ān quán | safety; security |
| 非常 | fēi cháng | very; really |
| 不利 | bù lì | unfavorable / disadvantageous / harmful / detrimental |
| 很多 | hěn duō | many; a lot of |
| 政治家 | zhèng zhì jiā | statesman / politician |
| 认为 | rèn wéi | to believe; to think; to consider; to feel |
| 已经 | yǐ jīng | already |
| 紧急 | jǐn jí | emergency |
| 情况 | qíng kuàng | circumstances; state of affairs; situation |
| 了 | le | (completed action marker) / (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) |
| 最近 | zuì jìn | recently |
| 政府 | zhèng fǔ | government |
| 问题 | wèn tí | question / problem / issue / topic |
| 投入 | tóu rù | to throw into / to put into / to throw oneself into / to participate in / to invest in |
| 大量 | dà liàng | great amount / large quantity / bulk |
| 资金 | zī jīn | funds; capital |
| 但 | dàn | but; yet; however; still |
| 仍然 | réng rán | still; as before; yet |
| 效果 | xiào guǒ | result / effect / efficacy / (theater) sound or visual effects |
| 为什么 | wèi shén me | why? / for what reason? |
| 人 | rén | person; people |
| 尤其 | yóu qí | especially; particularly |
| 女性 | nǚ xìng | woman / the female sex |
| 不 | bù | no; not so |
| 愿意 | yuàn yì | to wish / to want / ready / willing (to do sth) |
| 生 | shēng | to grow; to give birth; to produce; to be born / to arise; to occur / to light (a fire) |
| 孩子 | hái zi | child |
| 呢 | ne | (sentence-final particle) used in questions to link back to prior discourse or context ("what about...?", "and...?") |
| 受 | shòu | to receive / to accept |
| 教育 | jiào yù | education |
| 程度 | chéng dù | degree; level; extent |
| 很 | hěn | very; quite |
| 高 | gāo | high / tall / above average / loud |
| 却 | què | but / yet / however / while / nevertheless / even though |
| 难 | nán | difficult (to...) / difficult |
| 找到 | zhǎo dào | to find |
| 可以 | kě yǐ | can / may / possible / able to |
| 平等 | píng děng | equal |
| 分担 | fēn dān | to share (a burden, a cost, a responsibility) |
| 家务 | jiā wù | household duties / housework |
| 照顾 | zhào gù | to take care of / to show consideration / to attend to / to look after |
| 男人 | nán rén | a man / a male / men |
| 工作 | gōng zuò | job / work / task |
| 和 | hé | and; together with |
| 家庭 | jiā tíng | family; household |
| 之间 | zhī jiān | (after a noun) between; among; amid |
| 选择 | xuǎn zé | to select; to pick |
| 社会 | shè huì | society |
| 压力 | yā lì | pressure |
| 让 | ràng | to permit / to let sb do sth / to have sb do sth / to make sb (feel sad etc) |
| 人们 | rén men | people |
| 必须 | bì xū | to have to / must / compulsory / necessarily |
| 长 | cháng | long |
| 时间 | shí jiān | time |
| 学习 | xué xí | to learn / to study |
| 也 | yě | also; too; as well; (not ...) either |
| 因此 | yīn cǐ | thus; consequently; as a result |
| 们 | men | plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals |
| 精力 | jīng lì | energy |
| 去 | qù | to go, to go to |
| 养育 | yǎng yù | to rear / to bring up / to nurture |
| 除此之外 | chú cǐ zhī wài | apart from this / in addition to this |
| 还有 | hái yǒu | in addition |
| 昂贵 | áng guì | expensive / costly |
| 房价 | fáng jià | house price / cost of housing |
| 费用 | fèi yong | cost / expenditure / expense |
| 等 | děng | and so on; etc.; et al. / (used to end an enumeration) |
| 这些 | zhè xiē | these |
| 过度 | guò dù | excessive / extravagant / intemperate |
| 而 | ér | and / as well as |
| 必要 | bì yào | necessary / essential / indispensable / required |
| 竞争 | jìng zhēng | competition |
| 敢 | gǎn | to dare |
| 原因 | yuán yīn | cause / origin / root cause / reason |